INAMA NGOBOKA-GIHUGU
DIALOGUE INTER – RWANDAIS HAUTEMENT INCLUSIF (DIRHI)
HIGHLY INCLUSIVE INTER-RWANDAN DIALOGUE (HIIRD)
Ndereyehe Karoli ni umujyanama ushinzwe igenamigambi ya FDU-Inkingi
Inama Ngoboka Gihugu iteganijwe mu mahame remezo ya FDU
http://www.blogtalkradio.com/radioitahuka/2013/05/21/inama-ngoboka-gihugu-iteganijwe-mu-mahame-remezo-ya-fdu
1. Ilibuliro
Iyo uri inararibonye, ukitegereza ukwo ibintu byifashe mu Rwanda usanga ibicu bibungabunga bisa nk’ibirimo imirabo n’inkuba zakubise amahano akagwira u Rwanda kuva muri 1990 akarinda kuduhekura, itsembatsemba n’itsemba bwoko likibasira abana b’u Rwanda likabarimbura. Kagame aracyashora abana b’u Rwanda kwica abantu, mu Rwanda rwa gati, ngaho muri Kongo, mu Buganda, muri Afrika y’epfo, muri Mozambike, ngo abone abo afataho ingwate ababwira ati “ejo nimpfa namwe muzagorwa kuko dufatanije icyaha”.
Urwango ruranga rugahemberwa n’ingoma ya FPR iri ku butegetsi. Ntawucyizera umuvandimwe, umwana ntashira nyina amakenga. Umuntu yataka ati mwaratumaze, undi ati wowe se washibutse ku giti! Umuntu yavuga ati reka nanjye mpambe abanjye mu cyubahiro, ngo nawe se warapfushije, ibisimba bigira umutima? Uvuze ati ko mwica amategeko mwishyiliyeho? Bati “vuga uvuye aho ni twe tuzi icyo twayashyiliyeho, maze nukomeza bagufate bagufunge”. Murumva ko ari ibyo gufatishwa amaboko yombi bikagarulirwa hafi.
Abanyarwanda bakwiye kwicarana bakaganira , bakareba ukwo bavanaho ubutegetsi bubakandamiza, bagashyiraho ubutegetsi bubabereye, bushingiye ku tegeko Nshiga bumvikanyeho, bukabahumuliza, bubarengera, bukavuza ingoma ya ruca abagome, bugaca inzigo; Ubutegetsi budahoza igihugu mu ntambara zisenya ubukungu buba bugezweho. Iryo tegeko nshingiro si iry’intore, si iry’abari ku butegetsi, ni iry’ abanyarwanda b’ingeri zose ntawe uhejwe. Ibyo biganiro FDU-inkingi ni byo yita Inama-Ngoboka gihugu.
Yashoboka ite, iziga iki, ni inde wayizamo, izaba giheki? Ibyo ni byo tugiye kuganiraho.
2. Ni iki kigaragaza ko Inama Ngoboka-Gihugu ari ngombwa?
Umuntu wese ufite umutima wa kimuntu, yagombaga kuvuga ati ryarabaye nti rikabe. Koko amahano yagwiriye u Rwanda, cyane cyane kuva muri 1990 kugeza magingo aya, yarakwiye kuba inzozi mbi, abanyarwanda bagakanguka bagasubira i buntu.
Hashize imya cumi n’icyena (19) ishyano ligwiriye inzirakarenga zitagira ukwo zingana. Kugeza na n’ubu abanyarwanda baracyakurikiranwa n’ingaruka y’ayo marorerwa yakuruwe n’intambara yashojwe na FPR kuva kw’itariki ya mbere mu kwakira mu mwaka w’igihumbi magana cyenda na mirongo icyenda (1/10/1990). Aho abanyarwanda basubiranyemo bakikora mu nda, bakamarana, kandi bari basanzwe babana , basangira , basabirana. Ibikorwa bya kijyambere birasenyuka karahava. Ni yo mpamvu bari bakwiye guterwa urwanga n’isubyo bagaturera, bakongera bakabana batishishanya.
Kuva FPR yafata ubutegetsi muri 1994, abantu bakomenje guhohoterwa, birukanwa ku kazi ngo haboneke imyanya yo gushyiramo inkomamashyi za FPR, abandi baranyerezwa, cyanga barafungwa bazira kwanga kujya mu cyama, cyanga kutavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, ndetse bamwe baricwa, hakoreshejwe ubuhotozi b’amako yose[1]. Abarucitse bakijijwe no gutorongera barahunga, hari n’abo FPR isanga aho bahungiye ikababuza uburyo, yabishobora ikabica. Ibyo byarabaye i Gakurazo i Kabgayi, abantu bararimburwa i Kibeho, muri Kongo aho impunzi ziratikizwa, Kagame akaba akivuga ko ababajwe n’izashoboye kumucika atazimariyemo umujinya[2] ; byarabaye mu Buganda no muri Mozambique, byarabaye muri Afrika y’epfo, mu Bubiligi no mu Bwongereza. Abo mu Buholandi bakijijwe na Ambassaderi wanze kuroga abantu agahitamo guhunga nawe ubwe. Ntitwiriwe tuvuga ukwo inzara n’ubutindi byokamye abantu, aho gutabarwa bakilirwa barandulirwa imyaka yari kubaramira[3]. Ibi byose ni ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko u Rwanda rugeze aharindimuka.
Abanyapolitiki barafungwa umwisubizo bagacirwa imanza ariko ubutabera bwahe bwakajya ; Nguwo Ingabire Victoire[4] wacu, nguwo Ntaganda Bernard , Mushayidi Déogratias, Rwisereka we ntiyabonye ukwo arucika bamukase ijosi. Abasirikari bo mu nzego zo hejuru, ba ambassaderi barakomeza guhunga, abanyamakuru bo ntibagira ingano; utaborera mu munyururu akarusimbuka akizwa no kujya kure y’abahotozi ba Kagame.
Kagame n’inkuta z’amategeko yishyiriyeho kugira ngo zimurinde , zimurengere abone ukwo aramba ku butegetsi; akunda kurega abantu ko bashaka guhungabanya cyanga kuvanaho ubutegetsi bwishyiriweho na rubanda, kabone n’iyo byaba binyuze muri demokarasi. Ubundi birazwi ko kugira ngo ubutegetsi bube ari ubwa Rubanda, bwashyizweho na Rubanda kandi bukolera Rubanda, ni ubuha buri munyarwanda uburenganzira bwe busesuye, agatora abo ashaka, akabavanaho igihe batubahirije ibyo basezeranije, binyuze mu mategeko bumvikanyeho, batabihatiwe nk’ukwo byagenze ku Ngoma ya Kagame mu wa 2003.
Koko lero, uretse ubuzima , kuko ari bwo ubundi burenganzira bwose bushingiyeho (ukwambuye ubuzima aba akwambuye byose) ubundi burenganzira bukomeye ni ubwa politiki, butuma uvuga icyo utekereza, ukihitiramo abayobozi, ukagira uruhare mu gushyiraho amategeko yubahiliza ubundi burenganzira bwose. Ni byo koko, politiki ni yo ishyiraho ukwo ubuzima bwa buri munsi, ubuzima rusange bugenda. Ni yo yemeza ukwo imirimo n’ubuhinzi-bworozi bizagenda, ni yo yemeza ukwo umuntu azagira uruhare ku burezi n’amashuri, ku buzima no kwivuza, ku bucamanza n’ubutabera, inzego zibumbatira umutekano, n’isaranganwa ry’ubukire bw’igihugu (imishahara, gushora imari, ubucuruzi…). Uguheje muri politiki, iyo ugize Imana ntakwice, aba akwimye ijambo, aba aguheje mu mibereho myiza ufiteho uburenganzira, aba aguhatse kandi ntukopfore. Ni yo mpamvu ubutegetsi bubumbira abantu bose mu Bwato cyanga mu Muryango, ntibwemere ko hari abatavuga rumwe nabwo bakwishyiliraho amashyaka anenga ibitagenda, akavuga ukwo yabikosora agaze ku butegetsi, ubwo butegetsi butera imbyino abantu bose bagomba kwikiriza , bukagira igihugu nk’urugo rw’umutegetsi, ubwo butegetsi ntibugomba kwiyitilira abenegihugu, ngo bwashyizweho n’amategeko.
Amategeko Kagame yayashyizeho amaze gufata ubutegetsi akoresheje imbunda, amaze kwisasira imbaga y’abanyarwanda, ashyinyagulira abatutsi barokotse ngo basobanure ukwo barusimbutse, Kagame azabeshye abazungu[5] nk’ukwo yabyiyemeje, ariko ntazabeshya abanyarwanda ngo bamwemelere. Yigize kuba Semuhanuka, ariko azakubita umutwe kw’ijuru nagaruka hasi ahakubite umugongo, uriti rw’umugongo ntazabona ukwo aruramira. Ibinti byo gukomeza kuvuga ngo kabi kabi, uzashaka kumvanaho nzongera ngarike imbaga , ibyo ni ukwibeshya.
Uretse n’abanyarwanda hagati yabo, abanyarwanda babaye ruvumwa mu karere ko hagati ya Afurika. Kagame n’abambari be barica bagasahura muri Kongo bikitirirwa abanyarwanda; kubera ibikorwa by’iterabwoba batuma abaganda , abatanzaniya, abo muri Malawi, Mozambike na Afrika y’epfo bataryama ngo basinzire. Abanyarwanda babaye ba ruvumwa kubera ibinyoma byakwirakwije na Kagame kubera kuyobya uburari bw’ibyaha yakoze abyitilira abandi. Kugira ngo agire abanyarwanda boze ingwate, aranduranya ubutitsa n’abo duturanye bose, aragulira abacancuro b’abanyekongo ngo bamare bene wabo ; arasaba abanyarwanda bafungiwe akamama kwiyemeza ibyaha batigeze bakora kugira ngo abafungure ariko bajye guhamya inshuti n’abavandimwe ibyaha muri Gacaca kugira ngo yikize umuntu wese utamukomera amashyi. Aragulira abacancuro avanye mu mpuzi ngo baze bamufashe guhamya ikinyoma no kugambanira abanyarwanda ngo babime ubuhungiro, n’ababubonye babubambure maze barindagire, abamwegereye babamushorelere nk’inka zigiye mw’ibagiro baze abahumbahumbe. Aho kurengera abanyarwanda aho bari hose, ati n’iyo mwashira nkaguma ku butegetsi ntacyapfaga.
Ibi byose lero biragaragarao ko U Rwanda rugeze aharindimuka . Dukwiye kururinda indi ntambara yamena amaraso, ikongera gusenya ibikorwa bya kijyambere abanyarwanda bagezeho biyushye akuya. Abanyarwanda lero bakwiye kwicarana bakareba rwose ukwo iyi ngoma y’umwidishyi yatembagara. Abanyarwanda bakongera bakabona ituze kababana, bagasangira akabisi n’agahiye , inzigo igacika burundu.
3. Inama ngoboka Gihugu igamije iki ?
N’ubwo umwiryanye w’abanyarwanda ushingiye ku buryamirane buterwa n’inzego za politiki mbi, Inama Ngobokagihugu si iyo kugabana ubutegetsi. Inama Ngobokagihugu ni iyo kugira ngo abanyarwanda bumvikane mbere na mbere ku tegeko nshinga libanogeye , ari naryo likomokaho andi mategeko.
Ni iyo kugira ngo barebe imitelere y’ubutegetsi n’izindi nzego zibukomokaho, ku buryo buteza buri muturarwanda wese imbere, bukamurengera, bukamulinda icya muhungabanya cyose, bukabana neza n’ibindi bihugu duhana imbibi ndetse n’andi mahanga, bugahesha umunyarwanda ishema, kukarandura umwiryane burundu, bugaca ubuhunzi bw’abanyarwanda ku buryo budasubirwaho, bugaca intambara z’urudaca kugira ngo habeho amahoro arambye yatuma abanyarwanda ubwabo n’abaturanyi bagira agahenge n’ituze likenewe kugira ngo bitabire ibikorwa bya kijyambere, bikomeza kudindizwa no gusenywa n’izo ntambara z’urudaca. Umutungo wamalirwaga muri zo ntambara z’urudaca, ugakoreshwa mu guteza abanyarwanda imbere, mu by’ubukungu, uburezi, ubuvuzi, n’indi mibereho myiza.
Abanyarwanda bose, b’ingeri zose, b’amoko yose, bagahabwa uburenganzira busesuye, umuntu akabana cyanga akwumvikana n’uwo ashaka, abantu bagahuzwa n’ibitekerezo aho guhuzwa gusa n’akarere cyana ubwoko bakomokamo. Ntibibe icyaha cy’ikomoko kuba waravukiye aha n’aha cyanga warakomotse mu bwoko ubu n’ubu. Umuntu wese akagira amahirwe yo kwiteza imbere akurikije ubushobozi bwe, abanyantege nke cyanga abatishoboye, leta cyanga abaturanyi bakabagoboka, bakabaha umuganda ngo nabo babone ukwo bava mu bukene , batere imbere.
4. Ni bande bajya mu Nama Ngobokagihugu?
Tureke za nama z’imushyikirano ya Kagame atumiramo abaza kumukomera amashyi, abiharurutswe batabyemera, bajyayo bagafungwa cyanga, bakaba nka “Nyagasaza”, bakicwa.
Inama Ngobokagihugu, igomba kuzaba irimo abanyarwanda b’ingeri zose, abavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi n’abatavuga rumwe nabwo, abiyemeje kurwana n’abemeje kuyura mu nzira z’amahoro, abahagaraliye amadini n’indi miryango itabogamiye kuri leta. Turayibonamo abahagaraliye amashyaka arimo na FDLR, Turayibonamo FDU, RNC, RDI, PDP, PDR, n’andi mashyaka yavutse cyanga arimo avuka ; Turayibonamo abahoze muri FPR, MRND, CDR, MDR, PSD, PL.. turayibonamo abamo abaparmehutu, abaprosoma , aba Lunari, abashaka ingoma ya cyami n’abaharanira republika ; Turayibinamo abatwa , abatutsi n’abahutu. Turayibonamo interahamwe, Inkuba, abakombozi, abacitse kw’icumu n’abarokotse bo mu moko yose ; Ntawe ukwiye guhezwa ku mpamvu iyo ariyo yose kuko buri munyarwanda wese agomba guhagaralirwa n’uwo yibonamo kugira ngo agaragaze ibitekerezo bye.
Abantu bakazahabwa ijambo bakinigura, bakavuga akabari ku mu tima, bakavuga ukwo babona byagenda kugira ngo bahumulizwe, babane n’abandi mu bw’iyunge nyakuri no mu mahoro. Bashyireho inkingi z’umutekano no gusimburana muri politiki hatagombye kumeneka amaraso, ntawe ugendera ku bwoko cyanga akarere , bikurura inzangano no guheza cyanga guhezwa, bikabyara impunzi abantu bagahora muri gatebe gatoki.
Bizashoboka bite lero ?
Kagame we ntiyabishobora. Bimaze imyaka 19 byaramunaniye, Imana ni yo yonyine yahinduramo amabuye umutima wa muntu.
Ni yo mpamvu ari ibiba Kagame akiri ku butegetsi, byari bikwiye kubera hanze y’u Rwanda, aho abantu bashobora kuvuga batikandagira, ariko sinzi ko baba bagisubiye i Rwanda. Ukwo biri kwose haramutse habaye ibitangaza akemera inama Ngobokagihugu, binavuga ko yabanza agafungura infungwa za politiki zitavuga rumwe nawe, ubwo ntiyabera mu Rwanda, ubutegetsi bukiri ukwo buteye. Hari abatekereza Tanzaniya, ariko n’ahandi byahabera ariko akaba ari hafi ku buryo abantu bavuye mu Rwanda bayizamo ari benshi.
Bivuga lero ko inama Ngobokagihugu ishobora kubera mu Rwanda ari ukwo ubutegetsi bwa Kagame bwavuyeho, hakajyaho ubutegetsi bw’inzibacyuho bwumvikanweho n’ abahagaraliye amashyaka yose ari mu gihugu n’ari hanze, babifashijwemo na za Kiliziya n’imiryango itagira aho ibogamiye, n’abahuza b’ibihugu by’ inshuti n’ imiryango mpuzamahanga.
Abantu baravuga bati ariko ubu biragoye kuko hari abashyiraho amashyaka ngo babe ba prezida fondateri gusa bajye bagaragara mu bandi bitwa gutyo, hari abaheruka bashinga amashyaka wajya kureba icyo bakora ukibaza ugaheba, hari amashyaka agizwe n’umuntu n’abamukomokaho cyanga abo bafitanye isano gusa, ndetse hari n’abavuga bati ntaho turi ariko ntiryarema tutarimo !
Ni ikibazo gikomeye koko, ariko nta kibazo kitabonerwa umuti kereka iyo nta bushake. U Rwanda si rwo rwa mbere rugize amashyaka, kandi burya koko abanyarwanda baraziranye. Hagomba kuba inama itegura imbanziriza mushinga, itegura Inama Ngoboka gihugu, bakareba ukwo byagenze ahandi, bakarebe ingingo zifatizo kugira ngo bemeze ukw’abantu bahagaralirwa.
Hari abandi bibaza bati ese ubu FDU-inkingi n’abo bafatanije cyanga bateganya gufatanya nk’ukwo byemerejwe mu nama ya Johannesburg, muramutse muvanyeho Kagame , koko mwakoreshe inama Ngobokagihugu ?
Igisubizo ni yego, kuko abo tuganira bose, ubutegetsi bwa Kagame buramutse buvuyeho, ukwo bwavaho kwose, ababugiyeho bagomba byanze bikunze gukoresha inama Ngobokagihungu kuko ari nyirantarengwa, kugira ngo abanyarwanda bazashobore kugera ku bwiyunge nyabwo kandi bazashobore kubana mu mahoro. Naho ubundi kwaba ari uguhindura gusa uwicanye ku ntebe. Niba udakanze ikibyimba ngo kimeneke, uhere ibibazo mu ntango.
Ibi lero biragaragaza ko kugira ngo iyi nama izashoboke, abantu bakwicarana hamwe koko bakabisuzumana umurava bagafata ingamba zidakuka. Icyakora ntabwo ari ibintu byavumbukiyeho, kuko hari inama zakomeje kujya ziba kuva muri 2004. Abantu babanje kubiganiraho ku giti cyabo, bigeze aho bijya mu rwego rw’abahagaraliye abandi bakomoka mu miryango yigenga (ONG-Asbl) n’abahagaraliye amashyaka[6]. Ubu impaka ziracyakomeza ku buryo bishobotse, mbere y’ukwo uyu mwaka urangira, hari inama yazahuza abanyamashyaka n’imiryango itagira aho ibogamiye, bakaganira indi ntambwe ikwiye guterwa.
FDU iteganya ko habaho ubutegetsi (guverinema) bw’Inzibacyuho yamara imyaka ibiri, yo gukoresha inama Ngobokagihugu o gutegura amatora. Inama Ngobokagihugu yamara kwemeza Itegeko nshinga n’izego z’ubutegetsi abanyarwanda bumvikanyeho, ni ho amashyaka azahabwa urubuga rwo kugaragaliza abanyarwanda gahunda zabo, hanyuma habe amatora. Abazatsinda abatora bamenye ukwo bayobora abanyarwanda, mandat yabo nirangira ntibubahirize ibyo babasezeranije , bazasezererwe batore abandi.
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5. Ingingo z’imena zakwigirw muri iyi nama ziteye zite ?
5.1. Kwemeza Igihugu kigendera ku mategeko.
Amasezerano ya Arusha muri Tanzaniya yasinywe kuri 18/8/1992, hagati ya FPR na Leta y’ u Rwanda yayoboraga Republika ya Kabiri, yerekanaga ku buryo butaziguye imitelere ya Leta igendera ku mategeko. Yemeza ko Igihugu kigendera kuri démokarasi kigomba kwemera amashyaka menshi . Amashyaka menshi akaba ari igipimo kigaragaza ubwisanzure bw’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu mu kuvuga icyo atekereza. Ayo masezerano yahamije ko ibyo bidashoboka amategeko atemeye ko n’abatavuga rumwe n’ abari ku butegetsi bahabwa urubuga. Yemezaga ko ari uburenganzira kamere bwa buri muntu bwo gushaka kugira uruhare ku butegetsi no kuyobora igihugu.
FDU-Inkingi yemera ko amasezerano ya Arusha, yatwaye ingufu n’umutungo mwinshi w’abanyarwanda , kandi akaba yari ashyigikiwe n’ibihugu n’imiryango mpuzamahanga, ayo masezerano akwiye kuba ifatizo y’ ibyagibwaho impaka byose mu rwego rwo gutuma u Rwanda ruba igihugu kigendera ku mategeko.
5.2. Itegeko shingiro n’ inzego z’ ubutegetsi zirikomokaho, zihumuriza kandi zikarengera buri muturarwanda .
Amahame-remezo z’igihugu kigendera ku mategeko ni yo Nkingi z’uburenganzira bwa muntu butavogerwa. Duhereye ku burenganzira bwo kudahungabanilizwa ubuzima n’ ubundi burenganzira bubukomokaho , ikindi gikomeye cyane ni uburenganzira bwa politiki. Nk’ ukwo twigeze kubivuga, uburenganzira bwa politiki ni bwo bugena imigendekere y’ ibikorwa mu gihugu; politiki ni yo igena imibereho ya buri muntu mu rwego rwo kwishyira ukizana, kudahohoterwa, kurengerwa n’amategeko, kuvuga icyo utekereza, kugira uburenganzira ku uburezi, ubukungu n’ isaranganwa bukungu, n’ibindi n’ ibindi . Ni ukuvuga lero ko ukubujije kugira uruhare mu gukora politiki aba aguheje mu buyobozi bw’igihugu n’ ubundi burenganzira bubikomokaho.
Kwandikwa gusa ariko ntibishyirwe mu bikorwa, cyanga itegeko Nshinga ryamara kwemezwa ligahindurwa n’ubutegetsi ukwo bwishakiye, nk’ukwo Kagame yahindaguye inshuro zirenze 4 itegeko yari yanyujije mu matora ya nyirarureshwa[7].
Hagomba kubaho inzego zigenga zikurikirana ukwo itegekoshingiro ryubahilizwa. Kuri ubu, izo nazo zigengwa n’Inteko nyubahiliza mategeko iyoborwa na Kagame , yazishyizemo abantu be, bemeza gusa ibyo yishakiye, bakwanga akabirukana. Twavuga nk’Inteko nshingamategeko, Ubutabera n’ubucamanza, Cour constitutionnelle na Commission y’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu.
Ni yo mpamvu ari ngombwa kuzaganira ku buryo burambuye ku burenganzira bwa politiki, ukuntu cyane cyane Inteko Nshingamategeko, n’urwego rw’ubutabera zitakolera mu kwaha k’urwego Nyubahiliza mategeko.
Ikindi kigomba kwitabwaho ni ukuntu ingabo, polisi n’ izindi nzego z’umutekano nk’iz’ iperereza , zitaba iz’umuntu, iz’ubwoko cyanga iz’akarere. Hagomba gushakishwa ukuntu zaba inzego z’igihugu zirengera igihugu n’abenegihugu, aho kuzibashumuliza ngo zibarimbure cyanga zishorwe mu bujura n’ubusahuzi nk’ibikolerwa muri Kongo . Ikindi kijyanye nabyoo ni ukwo inzego zindi nk’aba “Local defense” n’ Intore zihohotera abaturage zibabuza amahwemo, zigomba kuvaho burundu.
FDU-Inkingi yemera ko guha umwanya amashyaka atavuga rumwe nári ku butegetsi, no guha itangazamakuru uburenganzira busesuye, ari bimwe mu byatuma abari ku butegetsi batirara.
5.3. Komisiyo y’ Ukuri, ubutabera, ubwiyunge no guca umuco wo kudahana.
Ubwiyunge bw’abanyarwanda ntibushoboka niba badashoboye kubwizanya ukuri. Biteye isoni n’ agahinda ko ugiye ku butegetsi yandika amateka ukwo abyiyumvira. Ni akumiro ukuntu umuyobozi ashyirishaho amategeko yimika intakoreka n’umuco wo kudahana, igihugu kikarangwa n’ ubucamanza ariko nta butabera.
Inama Ngobokagihugu iziga ukuntu hashyirwaho «Komisiyo y’Ukuri, ubutabera n’ubwiyunge » (Commission Vérité, Justice et Réconciliation) izafasha abanyarwanda kugana ku bwiyunge nyabwo. Iyo Komisiyo izaba ishinzwe:
- Kwiga ukwo umuco wo kudahana wacika burundu, abantu bakangana imbere y’ amategeko ;
- Gushyiraho Komisiyo yiga imvo n’ imvano y’amarorerwa n’amahano yagwiriye u Rwanda;
- Gukora nketi ku byaha byibasiye inyoko-muntu mu Rwanda no mu bihugu duhana imbibi mbere ya 1994, muri 1994 na nyuma y’aho ;
- Kwemeza ukwo habaho ubutabera butabogamye, bureba ibyaha byose byibasiye inyoko-muntu yaba umuhutu, umututsi cyanga umutwa, butiyibagije ibyaha by’ intambara;
- Gushakisha uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose batuma haba ubwiyunge nyabwo, abahanwa bagahanwa, abababalirwa bakababalirwa , kugira ngo inzigo icike mu bana b’u Rwanda;
- Gushyiraho Komisiyo yigenya y’intiti zizandika amateka y’u Rwanda bitari amateka y’ubutegetsi ubu n’ubu.
5.4. Ishyirwa mu bikorwa
Icyatumye Amasezerano ya Arusha adashyirwa mu bikorwa ni ukubera ko habuze koko abayahagarikira ngo bikorwe. Amahanga yatereranye abanyarwanda kubera inyungu zo gusahura Kongo, abanyarwanda baramarana bitewe ahanini no kurwanira ubutegetsi butagira uwo babusarangana. Abaturage batagira icyo bapfa baramarana, abafite ingufu ntibarengera abatazifite, Kagame ati reka abatutsi basigaye mu Rwanda barimbuke n’ubundi bari baragambanye bemera kuguma mu ngoma iyoborwa n’abahutu. Ahanura indege ya Habyarimana aramuhitana kandi yari aziko neza ko ariwe koko wari usigaye ari ingabo ku mahano yahemberwaga ndetse na FPR irimo, kugira ngo izabone ukwo acuruza « genocide » maze ishimangire ubutegetsi bwayo.
Ni yo mpamvu hagomba kuboneka ingabo zitagira aho zitabogamiye, zigashingwa umutekano mu nzibacyuho, zigafasha abanyarwanda kuvugurura inzego z’umutekano, nk’ukwo ingabo za Afrika y’epfo zafashije u Burundi. Izo ngabo mpuzamahanga zitari indorerezi gusa, zafasha abanyarwanda gushyiraho inzego zituma zerekeza kuri demokarasi nyayo, zikarangiza umurimo wazo hamaze kujyaho ubutegetsi buvuye mu matora asanzuye.
5. Inzozi nziza
Numva mfite inzozi, aho nzaba ndi hose nkazabona abana n’abuzukuru ba Kayumba na Kagame babana n’abanjye nta kwishishanya ; Abana n’abuzukuru ba Ngoga bakabana mu Rwanda n’aba Bagosora¸bagataramana mu byishimo bya kivandimwe nta kurebana ay’ingwe; Abana n’abuzukuru ba Ingabire babana n’abakomoka ku bamuciriye urubanza rw’amahugu .
Ndarota Ingabo zirimo abahutu n’abatutsi, abakiga n’abanyenduga, abaganza, abafundu, abaliza…n’ abandi bakomoka mu turere twose tw’u Rwanda, zirengera abanyarwanda baturuka mu moko yose n’uturere twose ; abacamamnza bagaca imanza atari ba gatumwa ba mumfungire, bashingiye ku butabera gusa, ntawe barenganya.
Ngiyo “vision” ya FDU-Inkingi.
Nifulije buri munyarwanda wese kuzakabya inzozi, akajya ava mu Rwanda aho ashakiye, akagaruka atikandagira. Twese tukazatunga tugatunganirwa.
21/05/2013
[1] http://www.hrw.org/world-report-2012/world-report-2012-rwanda
http://www.amnesty.org/en/region/rwanda/report-2012
http://www.amnesty.org/en/region/rwanda
http://www.ohchr.org/en/countries/africaregion/pages/rwindex.aspx
http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2011/af/186231.htm
[3] https://fdu-rwanda.com/RW/kinyarwanda-fdu-inkingi-irateganya-iki-cyasimbura-politiki-y-ubuhinzi-ya-fpr-yicisha-abaturage-inzara/
[6] http://www.veritasrwandaforum.org/dialogo.htm
http://www.veritasrwandaforum.org/dialeg/DIR06_fr.pdf
http://rwandarwiza.unblog.fr/files/2012/06/DIRHI.lobbing-EN-2012.pdf
[7] http://www.radiyoyacuvoa.com/content/a-18-2010-02-09-voa1-93024519/1265406.html
INAMA NGOBOKA-GIHUGU
DIALOGUE INTER – RWANDAIS HAUTEMENT INCLUSIF (DIRHI)
HIGHLY INCLUSIVE INTER-RWANDAN DIALOGUE (HIIRD)
Ndereyehe Karoli ni umujyanama ushinzwe igenamigambi ya FDU-Inkingi
1. Ilibuliro
Iyo uri inararibonye, ukitegereza ukwo ibintu byifashe mu Rwanda usanga ibicu bibungabunga bisa nk’ibirimo imirabo n’inkuba zakubise amahano akagwira u Rwanda kuva muri 1990 akarinda kuduhekura, itsembatsemba n’itsemba bwoko likibasira abana b’u Rwanda likabarimbura. Kagame aracyashora abana b’u Rwanda kwica abantu, mu Rwanda rwa gati, ngaho muri Kongo, mu Buganda, muri Afrika y’epfo, muri Mozambike, ngo abone abo afataho ingwate ababwira ati “ejo nimpfa namwe muzagorwa kuko dufatanije icyaha”.
Urwango ruranga rugahemberwa n’ingoma ya FPR iri ku butegetsi. Ntawucyizera umuvandimwe, umwana ntashira nyina amakenga. Umuntu yataka ati mwaratumaze, undi ati wowe se washibutse ku giti! Umuntu yavuga ati reka nanjye mpambe abanjye mu cyubahiro, ngo nawe se warapfushije, ibisimba bigira umutima? Uvuze ati ko mwica amategeko mwishyiliyeho? Bati “vuga uvuye aho ni twe tuzi icyo twayashyiliyeho, maze nukomeza bagufate bagufunge”. Murumva ko ari ibyo gufatishwa amaboko yombi bikagarulirwa hafi.
Abanyarwanda bakwiye kwicarana bakaganira , bakareba ukwo bavanaho ubutegetsi bubakandamiza, bagashyiraho ubutegetsi bubabereye, bushingiye ku tegeko Nshiga bumvikanyeho, bukabahumuliza, bubarengera, bukavuza ingoma ya ruca abagome, bugaca inzigo; Ubutegetsi budahoza igihugu mu ntambara zisenya ubukungu buba bugezweho. Iryo tegeko nshingiro si iry’intore, si iry’abari ku butegetsi, ni iry’ abanyarwanda b’ingeri zose ntawe uhejwe. Ibyo biganiro FDU-inkingi ni byo yita Inama-Ngoboka gihugu.
Yashoboka ite, iziga iki, ni inde wayizamo, izaba giheki? Ibyo ni byo tugiye kuganiraho.
2. Ni iki kigaragaza ko Inama Ngoboka-Gihugu ari ngombwa?
Umuntu wese ufite umutima wa kimuntu, yagombaga kuvuga ati ryarabaye nti rikabe. Koko amahano yagwiriye u Rwanda, cyane cyane kuva muri 1990 kugeza magingo aya, yarakwiye kuba inzozi mbi, abanyarwanda bagakanguka bagasubira i buntu.
Hashize imya cumi n’icyena (19) ishyano ligwiriye inzirakarenga zitagira ukwo zingana. Kugeza na n’ubu abanyarwanda baracyakurikiranwa n’ingaruka y’ayo marorerwa yakuruwe n’intambara yashojwe na FPR kuva kw’itariki ya mbere mu kwakira mu mwaka w’igihumbi magana cyenda na mirongo icyenda (1/10/1990). Aho abanyarwanda basubiranyemo bakikora mu nda, bakamarana, kandi bari basanzwe babana , basangira , basabirana. Ibikorwa bya kijyambere birasenyuka karahava. Ni yo mpamvu bari bakwiye guterwa urwanga n’isubyo bagaturera, bakongera bakabana batishishanya.
Kuva FPR yafata ubutegetsi muri 1994, abantu bakomenje guhohoterwa, birukanwa ku kazi ngo haboneke imyanya yo gushyiramo inkomamashyi za FPR, abandi baranyerezwa, cyanga barafungwa bazira kwanga kujya mu cyama, cyanga kutavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, ndetse bamwe baricwa, hakoreshejwe ubuhotozi b’amako yose[1]. Abarucitse bakijijwe no gutorongera barahunga, hari n’abo FPR isanga aho bahungiye ikababuza uburyo, yabishobora ikabica. Ibyo byarabaye i Gakurazo i Kabgayi, abantu bararimburwa i Kibeho, muri Kongo aho impunzi ziratikizwa, Kagame akaba akivuga ko ababajwe n’izashoboye kumucika atazimariyemo umujinya[2] ; byarabaye mu Buganda no muri Mozambique, byarabaye muri Afrika y’epfo, mu Bubiligi no mu Bwongereza. Abo mu Buholandi bakijijwe na Ambassaderi wanze kuroga abantu agahitamo guhunga nawe ubwe. Ntitwiriwe tuvuga ukwo inzara n’ubutindi byokamye abantu, aho gutabarwa bakilirwa barandulirwa imyaka yari kubaramira[3]. Ibi byose ni ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko u Rwanda rugeze aharindimuka.
Abanyapolitiki barafungwa umwisubizo bagacirwa imanza ariko ubutabera bwahe bwakajya ; Nguwo Ingabire Victoire[4] wacu, nguwo Ntaganda Bernard , Mushayidi Déogratias, Rwisereka we ntiyabonye ukwo arucika bamukase ijosi. Abasirikari bo mu nzego zo hejuru, ba ambassaderi barakomeza guhunga, abanyamakuru bo ntibagira ingano; utaborera mu munyururu akarusimbuka akizwa no kujya kure y’abahotozi ba Kagame.
Kagame n’inkuta z’amategeko yishyiriyeho kugira ngo zimurinde , zimurengere abone ukwo aramba ku butegetsi; akunda kurega abantu ko bashaka guhungabanya cyanga kuvanaho ubutegetsi bwishyiriweho na rubanda, kabone n’iyo byaba binyuze muri demokarasi. Ubundi birazwi ko kugira ngo ubutegetsi bube ari ubwa Rubanda, bwashyizweho na Rubanda kandi bukolera Rubanda, ni ubuha buri munyarwanda uburenganzira bwe busesuye, agatora abo ashaka, akabavanaho igihe batubahirije ibyo basezeranije, binyuze mu mategeko bumvikanyeho, batabihatiwe nk’ukwo byagenze ku Ngoma ya Kagame mu wa 2003.
Koko lero, uretse ubuzima , kuko ari bwo ubundi burenganzira bwose bushingiyeho (ukwambuye ubuzima aba akwambuye byose) ubundi burenganzira bukomeye ni ubwa politiki, butuma uvuga icyo utekereza, ukihitiramo abayobozi, ukagira uruhare mu gushyiraho amategeko yubahiliza ubundi burenganzira bwose. Ni byo koko, politiki ni yo ishyiraho ukwo ubuzima bwa buri munsi, ubuzima rusange bugenda. Ni yo yemeza ukwo imirimo n’ubuhinzi-bworozi bizagenda, ni yo yemeza ukwo umuntu azagira uruhare ku burezi n’amashuri, ku buzima no kwivuza, ku bucamanza n’ubutabera, inzego zibumbatira umutekano, n’isaranganwa ry’ubukire bw’igihugu (imishahara, gushora imari, ubucuruzi…). Uguheje muri politiki, iyo ugize Imana ntakwice, aba akwimye ijambo, aba aguheje mu mibereho myiza ufiteho uburenganzira, aba aguhatse kandi ntukopfore. Ni yo mpamvu ubutegetsi bubumbira abantu bose mu Bwato cyanga mu Muryango, ntibwemere ko hari abatavuga rumwe nabwo bakwishyiliraho amashyaka anenga ibitagenda, akavuga ukwo yabikosora agaze ku butegetsi, ubwo butegetsi butera imbyino abantu bose bagomba kwikiriza , bukagira igihugu nk’urugo rw’umutegetsi, ubwo butegetsi ntibugomba kwiyitilira abenegihugu, ngo bwashyizweho n’amategeko.
Amategeko Kagame yayashyizeho amaze gufata ubutegetsi akoresheje imbunda, amaze kwisasira imbaga y’abanyarwanda, ashyinyagulira abatutsi barokotse ngo basobanure ukwo barusimbutse, Kagame azabeshye abazungu[5] nk’ukwo yabyiyemeje, ariko ntazabeshya abanyarwanda ngo bamwemelere. Yigize kuba Semuhanuka, ariko azakubita umutwe kw’ijuru nagaruka hasi ahakubite umugongo, uriti rw’umugongo ntazabona ukwo aruramira. Ibinti byo gukomeza kuvuga ngo kabi kabi, uzashaka kumvanaho nzongera ngarike imbaga , ibyo ni ukwibeshya.
Uretse n’abanyarwanda hagati yabo, abanyarwanda babaye ruvumwa mu karere ko hagati ya Afurika. Kagame n’abambari be barica bagasahura muri Kongo bikitirirwa abanyarwanda; kubera ibikorwa by’iterabwoba batuma abaganda , abatanzaniya, abo muri Malawi, Mozambike na Afrika y’epfo bataryama ngo basinzire. Abanyarwanda babaye ba ruvumwa kubera ibinyoma byakwirakwije na Kagame kubera kuyobya uburari bw’ibyaha yakoze abyitilira abandi. Kugira ngo agire abanyarwanda boze ingwate, aranduranya ubutitsa n’abo duturanye bose, aragulira abacancuro b’abanyekongo ngo bamare bene wabo ; arasaba abanyarwanda bafungiwe akamama kwiyemeza ibyaha batigeze bakora kugira ngo abafungure ariko bajye guhamya inshuti n’abavandimwe ibyaha muri Gacaca kugira ngo yikize umuntu wese utamukomera amashyi. Aragulira abacancuro avanye mu mpuzi ngo baze bamufashe guhamya ikinyoma no kugambanira abanyarwanda ngo babime ubuhungiro, n’ababubonye babubambure maze barindagire, abamwegereye babamushorelere nk’inka zigiye mw’ibagiro baze abahumbahumbe. Aho kurengera abanyarwanda aho bari hose, ati n’iyo mwashira nkaguma ku butegetsi ntacyapfaga.
Ibi byose lero biragaragarao ko U Rwanda rugeze aharindimuka . Dukwiye kururinda indi ntambara yamena amaraso, ikongera gusenya ibikorwa bya kijyambere abanyarwanda bagezeho biyushye akuya. Abanyarwanda lero bakwiye kwicarana bakareba rwose ukwo iyi ngoma y’umwidishyi yatembagara. Abanyarwanda bakongera bakabona ituze kababana, bagasangira akabisi n’agahiye , inzigo igacika burundu.
3. Inama ngoboka Gihugu igamije iki ?
N’ubwo umwiryanye w’abanyarwanda ushingiye ku buryamirane buterwa n’inzego za politiki mbi, Inama Ngobokagihugu si iyo kugabana ubutegetsi. Inama Ngobokagihugu ni iyo kugira ngo abanyarwanda bumvikane mbere na mbere ku tegeko nshinga libanogeye , ari naryo likomokaho andi mategeko.
Ni iyo kugira ngo barebe imitelere y’ubutegetsi n’izindi nzego zibukomokaho, ku buryo buteza buri muturarwanda wese imbere, bukamurengera, bukamulinda icya muhungabanya cyose, bukabana neza n’ibindi bihugu duhana imbibi ndetse n’andi mahanga, bugahesha umunyarwanda ishema, kukarandura umwiryane burundu, bugaca ubuhunzi bw’abanyarwanda ku buryo budasubirwaho, bugaca intambara z’urudaca kugira ngo habeho amahoro arambye yatuma abanyarwanda ubwabo n’abaturanyi bagira agahenge n’ituze likenewe kugira ngo bitabire ibikorwa bya kijyambere, bikomeza kudindizwa no gusenywa n’izo ntambara z’urudaca. Umutungo wamalirwaga muri zo ntambara z’urudaca, ugakoreshwa mu guteza abanyarwanda imbere, mu by’ubukungu, uburezi, ubuvuzi, n’indi mibereho myiza.
Abanyarwanda bose, b’ingeri zose, b’amoko yose, bagahabwa uburenganzira busesuye, umuntu akabana cyanga akwumvikana n’uwo ashaka, abantu bagahuzwa n’ibitekerezo aho guhuzwa gusa n’akarere cyana ubwoko bakomokamo. Ntibibe icyaha cy’ikomoko kuba waravukiye aha n’aha cyanga warakomotse mu bwoko ubu n’ubu. Umuntu wese akagira amahirwe yo kwiteza imbere akurikije ubushobozi bwe, abanyantege nke cyanga abatishoboye, leta cyanga abaturanyi bakabagoboka, bakabaha umuganda ngo nabo babone ukwo bava mu bukene , batere imbere.
4. Ni bande bajya mu Nama Ngobokagihugu?
Tureke za nama z’imushyikirano ya Kagame atumiramo abaza kumukomera amashyi, abiharurutswe batabyemera, bajyayo bagafungwa cyanga, bakaba nka “Nyagasaza”, bakicwa.
Inama Ngobokagihugu, igomba kuzaba irimo abanyarwanda b’ingeri zose, abavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi n’abatavuga rumwe nabwo, abiyemeje kurwana n’abemeje kuyura mu nzira z’amahoro, abahagaraliye amadini n’indi miryango itabogamiye kuri leta. Turayibonamo abahagaraliye amashyaka arimo na FDLR, Turayibonamo FDU, RNC, RDI, PDP, PDR, n’andi mashyaka yavutse cyanga arimo avuka ; Turayibonamo abahoze muri FPR, MRND, CDR, MDR, PSD, PL.. turayibonamo abamo abaparmehutu, abaprosoma , aba Lunari, abashaka ingoma ya cyami n’abaharanira republika ; Turayibinamo abatwa , abatutsi n’abahutu. Turayibonamo interahamwe, Inkuba, abakombozi, abacitse kw’icumu n’abarokotse bo mu moko yose ; Ntawe ukwiye guhezwa ku mpamvu iyo ariyo yose kuko buri munyarwanda wese agomba guhagaralirwa n’uwo yibonamo kugira ngo agaragaze ibitekerezo bye.
Abantu bakazahabwa ijambo bakinigura, bakavuga akabari ku mu tima, bakavuga ukwo babona byagenda kugira ngo bahumulizwe, babane n’abandi mu bw’iyunge nyakuri no mu mahoro. Bashyireho inkingi z’umutekano no gusimburana muri politiki hatagombye kumeneka amaraso, ntawe ugendera ku bwoko cyanga akarere , bikurura inzangano no guheza cyanga guhezwa, bikabyara impunzi abantu bagahora muri gatebe gatoki.
Bizashoboka bite lero ?
Kagame we ntiyabishobora. Bimaze imyaka 19 byaramunaniye, Imana ni yo yonyine yahinduramo amabuye umutima wa muntu.
Ni yo mpamvu ari ibiba Kagame akiri ku butegetsi, byari bikwiye kubera hanze y’u Rwanda, aho abantu bashobora kuvuga batikandagira, ariko sinzi ko baba bagisubiye i Rwanda. Ukwo biri kwose haramutse habaye ibitangaza akemera inama Ngobokagihugu, binavuga ko yabanza agafungura infungwa za politiki zitavuga rumwe nawe, ubwo ntiyabera mu Rwanda, ubutegetsi bukiri ukwo buteye. Hari abatekereza Tanzaniya, ariko n’ahandi byahabera ariko akaba ari hafi ku buryo abantu bavuye mu Rwanda bayizamo ari benshi.
Bivuga lero ko inama Ngobokagihugu ishobora kubera mu Rwanda ari ukwo ubutegetsi bwa Kagame bwavuyeho, hakajyaho ubutegetsi bw’inzibacyuho bwumvikanweho n’ abahagaraliye amashyaka yose ari mu gihugu n’ari hanze, babifashijwemo na za Kiliziya n’imiryango itagira aho ibogamiye, n’abahuza b’ibihugu by’ inshuti n’ imiryango mpuzamahanga.
Abantu baravuga bati ariko ubu biragoye kuko hari abashyiraho amashyaka ngo babe ba prezida fondateri gusa bajye bagaragara mu bandi bitwa gutyo, hari abaheruka bashinga amashyaka wajya kureba icyo bakora ukibaza ugaheba, hari amashyaka agizwe n’umuntu n’abamukomokaho cyanga abo bafitanye isano gusa, ndetse hari n’abavuga bati ntaho turi ariko ntiryarema tutarimo !
Ni ikibazo gikomeye koko, ariko nta kibazo kitabonerwa umuti kereka iyo nta bushake. U Rwanda si rwo rwa mbere rugize amashyaka, kandi burya koko abanyarwanda baraziranye. Hagomba kuba inama itegura imbanziriza mushinga, itegura Inama Ngoboka gihugu, bakareba ukwo byagenze ahandi, bakarebe ingingo zifatizo kugira ngo bemeze ukw’abantu bahagaralirwa.
Hari abandi bibaza bati ese ubu FDU-inkingi n’abo bafatanije cyanga bateganya gufatanya nk’ukwo byemerejwe mu nama ya Johannesburg, muramutse muvanyeho Kagame , koko mwakoreshe inama Ngobokagihugu ?
Igisubizo ni yego, kuko abo tuganira bose, ubutegetsi bwa Kagame buramutse buvuyeho, ukwo bwavaho kwose, ababugiyeho bagomba byanze bikunze gukoresha inama Ngobokagihungu kuko ari nyirantarengwa, kugira ngo abanyarwanda bazashobore kugera ku bwiyunge nyabwo kandi bazashobore kubana mu mahoro. Naho ubundi kwaba ari uguhindura gusa uwicanye ku ntebe. Niba udakanze ikibyimba ngo kimeneke, uhere ibibazo mu ntango.
Ibi lero biragaragaza ko kugira ngo iyi nama izashoboke, abantu bakwicarana hamwe koko bakabisuzumana umurava bagafata ingamba zidakuka. Icyakora ntabwo ari ibintu byavumbukiyeho, kuko hari inama zakomeje kujya ziba kuva muri 2004. Abantu babanje kubiganiraho ku giti cyabo, bigeze aho bijya mu rwego rw’abahagaraliye abandi bakomoka mu miryango yigenga (ONG-Asbl) n’abahagaraliye amashyaka[6]. Ubu impaka ziracyakomeza ku buryo bishobotse, mbere y’ukwo uyu mwaka urangira, hari inama yazahuza abanyamashyaka n’imiryango itagira aho ibogamiye, bakaganira indi ntambwe ikwiye guterwa.
FDU iteganya ko habaho ubutegetsi (guverinema) bw’Inzibacyuho yamara imyaka ibiri, yo gukoresha inama Ngobokagihugu o gutegura amatora. Inama Ngobokagihugu yamara kwemeza Itegeko nshinga n’izego z’ubutegetsi abanyarwanda bumvikanyeho, ni ho amashyaka azahabwa urubuga rwo kugaragaliza abanyarwanda gahunda zabo, hanyuma habe amatora. Abazatsinda abatora bamenye ukwo bayobora abanyarwanda, mandat yabo nirangira ntibubahirize ibyo babasezeranije , bazasezererwe batore abandi.
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5. Ingingo z’imena zakwigirw muri iyi nama ziteye zite ?
5.1. Kwemeza Igihugu kigendera ku mategeko.
Amasezerano ya Arusha muri Tanzaniya yasinywe kuri 18/8/1992, hagati ya FPR na Leta y’ u Rwanda yayoboraga Republika ya Kabiri, yerekanaga ku buryo butaziguye imitelere ya Leta igendera ku mategeko. Yemeza ko Igihugu kigendera kuri démokarasi kigomba kwemera amashyaka menshi . Amashyaka menshi akaba ari igipimo kigaragaza ubwisanzure bw’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu mu kuvuga icyo atekereza. Ayo masezerano yahamije ko ibyo bidashoboka amategeko atemeye ko n’abatavuga rumwe n’ abari ku butegetsi bahabwa urubuga. Yemezaga ko ari uburenganzira kamere bwa buri muntu bwo gushaka kugira uruhare ku butegetsi no kuyobora igihugu.
FDU-Inkingi yemera ko amasezerano ya Arusha, yatwaye ingufu n’umutungo mwinshi w’abanyarwanda , kandi akaba yari ashyigikiwe n’ibihugu n’imiryango mpuzamahanga, ayo masezerano akwiye kuba ifatizo y’ ibyagibwaho impaka byose mu rwego rwo gutuma u Rwanda ruba igihugu kigendera ku mategeko.
5.2. Itegeko shingiro n’ inzego z’ ubutegetsi zirikomokaho, zihumuriza kandi zikarengera buri muturarwanda .
Amahame-remezo z’igihugu kigendera ku mategeko ni yo Nkingi z’uburenganzira bwa muntu butavogerwa. Duhereye ku burenganzira bwo kudahungabanilizwa ubuzima n’ ubundi burenganzira bubukomokaho , ikindi gikomeye cyane ni uburenganzira bwa politiki. Nk’ ukwo twigeze kubivuga, uburenganzira bwa politiki ni bwo bugena imigendekere y’ ibikorwa mu gihugu; politiki ni yo igena imibereho ya buri muntu mu rwego rwo kwishyira ukizana, kudahohoterwa, kurengerwa n’amategeko, kuvuga icyo utekereza, kugira uburenganzira ku uburezi, ubukungu n’ isaranganwa bukungu, n’ibindi n’ ibindi . Ni ukuvuga lero ko ukubujije kugira uruhare mu gukora politiki aba aguheje mu buyobozi bw’igihugu n’ ubundi burenganzira bubikomokaho.
Kwandikwa gusa ariko ntibishyirwe mu bikorwa, cyanga itegeko Nshinga ryamara kwemezwa ligahindurwa n’ubutegetsi ukwo bwishakiye, nk’ukwo Kagame yahindaguye inshuro zirenze 4 itegeko yari yanyujije mu matora ya nyirarureshwa[7].
Hagomba kubaho inzego zigenga zikurikirana ukwo itegekoshingiro ryubahilizwa. Kuri ubu, izo nazo zigengwa n’Inteko nyubahiliza mategeko iyoborwa na Kagame , yazishyizemo abantu be, bemeza gusa ibyo yishakiye, bakwanga akabirukana. Twavuga nk’Inteko nshingamategeko, Ubutabera n’ubucamanza, Cour constitutionnelle na Commission y’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu.
Ni yo mpamvu ari ngombwa kuzaganira ku buryo burambuye ku burenganzira bwa politiki, ukuntu cyane cyane Inteko Nshingamategeko, n’urwego rw’ubutabera zitakolera mu kwaha k’urwego Nyubahiliza mategeko.
Ikindi kigomba kwitabwaho ni ukuntu ingabo, polisi n’ izindi nzego z’umutekano nk’iz’ iperereza , zitaba iz’umuntu, iz’ubwoko cyanga iz’akarere. Hagomba gushakishwa ukuntu zaba inzego z’igihugu zirengera igihugu n’abenegihugu, aho kuzibashumuliza ngo zibarimbure cyanga zishorwe mu bujura n’ubusahuzi nk’ibikolerwa muri Kongo . Ikindi kijyanye nabyoo ni ukwo inzego zindi nk’aba “Local defense” n’ Intore zihohotera abaturage zibabuza amahwemo, zigomba kuvaho burundu.
FDU-Inkingi yemera ko guha umwanya amashyaka atavuga rumwe nári ku butegetsi, no guha itangazamakuru uburenganzira busesuye, ari bimwe mu byatuma abari ku butegetsi batirara.
5.3. Komisiyo y’ Ukuri, ubutabera, ubwiyunge no guca umuco wo kudahana.
Ubwiyunge bw’abanyarwanda ntibushoboka niba badashoboye kubwizanya ukuri. Biteye isoni n’ agahinda ko ugiye ku butegetsi yandika amateka ukwo abyiyumvira. Ni akumiro ukuntu umuyobozi ashyirishaho amategeko yimika intakoreka n’umuco wo kudahana, igihugu kikarangwa n’ ubucamanza ariko nta butabera.
Inama Ngobokagihugu iziga ukuntu hashyirwaho «Komisiyo y’Ukuri, ubutabera n’ubwiyunge » (Commission Vérité, Justice et Réconciliation) izafasha abanyarwanda kugana ku bwiyunge nyabwo. Iyo Komisiyo izaba ishinzwe:
- Kwiga ukwo umuco wo kudahana wacika burundu, abantu bakangana imbere y’ amategeko ;
- Gushyiraho Komisiyo yiga imvo n’ imvano y’amarorerwa n’amahano yagwiriye u Rwanda;
- Gukora nketi ku byaha byibasiye inyoko-muntu mu Rwanda no mu bihugu duhana imbibi mbere ya 1994, muri 1994 na nyuma y’aho ;
- Kwemeza ukwo habaho ubutabera butabogamye, bureba ibyaha byose byibasiye inyoko-muntu yaba umuhutu, umututsi cyanga umutwa, butiyibagije ibyaha by’ intambara;
- Gushakisha uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose batuma haba ubwiyunge nyabwo, abahanwa bagahanwa, abababalirwa bakababalirwa , kugira ngo inzigo icike mu bana b’u Rwanda;
- Gushyiraho Komisiyo yigenya y’intiti zizandika amateka y’u Rwanda bitari amateka y’ubutegetsi ubu n’ubu.
5.4. Ishyirwa mu bikorwa
Icyatumye Amasezerano ya Arusha adashyirwa mu bikorwa ni ukubera ko habuze koko abayahagarikira ngo bikorwe. Amahanga yatereranye abanyarwanda kubera inyungu zo gusahura Kongo, abanyarwanda baramarana bitewe ahanini no kurwanira ubutegetsi butagira uwo babusarangana. Abaturage batagira icyo bapfa baramarana, abafite ingufu ntibarengera abatazifite, Kagame ati reka abatutsi basigaye mu Rwanda barimbuke n’ubundi bari baragambanye bemera kuguma mu ngoma iyoborwa n’abahutu. Ahanura indege ya Habyarimana aramuhitana kandi yari aziko neza ko ariwe koko wari usigaye ari ingabo ku mahano yahemberwaga ndetse na FPR irimo, kugira ngo izabone ukwo acuruza « genocide » maze ishimangire ubutegetsi bwayo.
Ni yo mpamvu hagomba kuboneka ingabo zitagira aho zitabogamiye, zigashingwa umutekano mu nzibacyuho, zigafasha abanyarwanda kuvugurura inzego z’umutekano, nk’ukwo ingabo za Afrika y’epfo zafashije u Burundi. Izo ngabo mpuzamahanga zitari indorerezi gusa, zafasha abanyarwanda gushyiraho inzego zituma zerekeza kuri demokarasi nyayo, zikarangiza umurimo wazo hamaze kujyaho ubutegetsi buvuye mu matora asanzuye.
5. Inzozi nziza
Numva mfite inzozi, aho nzaba ndi hose nkazabona abana n’abuzukuru ba Kayumba na Kagame babana n’abanjye nta kwishishanya ; Abana n’abuzukuru ba Ngoga bakabana mu Rwanda n’aba Bagosora¸bagataramana mu byishimo bya kivandimwe nta kurebana ay’ingwe; Abana n’abuzukuru ba Ingabire babana n’abakomoka ku bamuciriye urubanza rw’amahugu .
Ndarota Ingabo zirimo abahutu n’abatutsi, abakiga n’abanyenduga, abaganza, abafundu, abaliza…n’ abandi bakomoka mu turere twose tw’u Rwanda, zirengera abanyarwanda baturuka mu moko yose n’uturere twose ; abacamamnza bagaca imanza atari ba gatumwa ba mumfungire, bashingiye ku butabera gusa, ntawe barenganya.
Ngiyo “vision” ya FDU-Inkingi.
Nifulije buri munyarwanda wese kuzakabya inzozi, akajya ava mu Rwanda aho ashakiye, akagaruka atikandagira. Twese tukazatunga tugatunganirwa.
21/05/2013
[1] http://www.hrw.org/world-report-2012/world-report-2012-rwanda
http://www.amnesty.org/en/region/rwanda/report-2012
http://www.amnesty.org/en/region/rwanda
http://www.ohchr.org/en/countries/africaregion/pages/rwindex.aspx
http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2011/af/186231.htm
[3] https://fdu-rwanda.com/RW/kinyarwanda-fdu-inkingi-irateganya-iki-cyasimbura-politiki-y-ubuhinzi-ya-fpr-yicisha-abaturage-inzara/
[6] http://www.veritasrwandaforum.org/dialogo.htm
http://www.veritasrwandaforum.org/dialeg/DIR06_fr.pdf
http://rwandarwiza.unblog.fr/files/2012/06/DIRHI.lobbing-EN-2012.pdf
INAMA NGOBOKA-GIHUGU
DIALOGUE INTER – RWANDAIS HAUTEMENT INCLUSIF (DIRHI)
HIGHLY INCLUSIVE INTER-RWANDAN DIALOGUE (HIIRD)
Ndereyehe Karoli ni umujyanama ushinzwe igenamigambi ya FDU-Inkingi
Tega amatwi ikiganiro uko cyahise kuri Radio Itahuka: Inama Ngoboka Gihugu iteganijwe mu mahame remezo ya FDU http://www.blogtalkradio.com/radioitahuka/2013/05/21/inama-ngoboka-gihugu-iteganijwe-mu-mahame-remezo-ya-fdu
1. Ilibuliro
Iyo uri inararibonye, ukitegereza ukwo ibintu byifashe mu Rwanda usanga ibicu bibungabunga bisa nk’ibirimo imirabo n’inkuba zakubise amahano akagwira u Rwanda kuva muri 1990 akarinda kuduhekura, itsembatsemba n’itsemba bwoko likibasira abana b’u Rwanda likabarimbura. Kagame aracyashora abana b’u Rwanda kwica abantu, mu Rwanda rwa gati, ngaho muri Kongo, mu Buganda, muri Afrika y’epfo, muri Mozambike, ngo abone abo afataho ingwate ababwira ati “ejo nimpfa namwe muzagorwa kuko dufatanije icyaha”.
Urwango ruranga rugahemberwa n’ingoma ya FPR iri ku butegetsi. Ntawucyizera umuvandimwe, umwana ntashira nyina amakenga. Umuntu yataka ati mwaratumaze, undi ati wowe se washibutse ku giti! Umuntu yavuga ati reka nanjye mpambe abanjye mu cyubahiro, ngo nawe se warapfushije, ibisimba bigira umutima? Uvuze ati ko mwica amategeko mwishyiliyeho? Bati “vuga uvuye aho ni twe tuzi icyo twayashyiliyeho, maze nukomeza bagufate bagufunge”. Murumva ko ari ibyo gufatishwa amaboko yombi bikagarulirwa hafi.
Abanyarwanda bakwiye kwicarana bakaganira , bakareba ukwo bavanaho ubutegetsi bubakandamiza, bagashyiraho ubutegetsi bubabereye, bushingiye ku tegeko Nshiga bumvikanyeho, bukabahumuliza, bubarengera, bukavuza ingoma ya ruca abagome, bugaca inzigo; Ubutegetsi budahoza igihugu mu ntambara zisenya ubukungu buba bugezweho. Iryo tegeko nshingiro si iry’intore, si iry’abari ku butegetsi, ni iry’ abanyarwanda b’ingeri zose ntawe uhejwe. Ibyo biganiro FDU-inkingi ni byo yita Inama-Ngoboka gihugu.
Yashoboka ite, iziga iki, ni inde wayizamo, izaba giheki? Ibyo ni byo tugiye kuganiraho.
2. Ni iki kigaragaza ko Inama Ngoboka-Gihugu ari ngombwa?
Umuntu wese ufite umutima wa kimuntu, yagombaga kuvuga ati ryarabaye nti rikabe. Koko amahano yagwiriye u Rwanda, cyane cyane kuva muri 1990 kugeza magingo aya, yarakwiye kuba inzozi mbi, abanyarwanda bagakanguka bagasubira i buntu.
Hashize imya cumi n’icyena (19) ishyano ligwiriye inzirakarenga zitagira ukwo zingana. Kugeza na n’ubu abanyarwanda baracyakurikiranwa n’ingaruka y’ayo marorerwa yakuruwe n’intambara yashojwe na FPR kuva kw’itariki ya mbere mu kwakira mu mwaka w’igihumbi magana cyenda na mirongo icyenda (1/10/1990). Aho abanyarwanda basubiranyemo bakikora mu nda, bakamarana, kandi bari basanzwe babana , basangira , basabirana. Ibikorwa bya kijyambere birasenyuka karahava. Ni yo mpamvu bari bakwiye guterwa urwanga n’isubyo bagaturera, bakongera bakabana batishishanya.
Kuva FPR yafata ubutegetsi muri 1994, abantu bakomenje guhohoterwa, birukanwa ku kazi ngo haboneke imyanya yo gushyiramo inkomamashyi za FPR, abandi baranyerezwa, cyanga barafungwa bazira kwanga kujya mu cyama, cyanga kutavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, ndetse bamwe baricwa, hakoreshejwe ubuhotozi b’amako yose[1]. Abarucitse bakijijwe no gutorongera barahunga, hari n’abo FPR isanga aho bahungiye ikababuza uburyo, yabishobora ikabica. Ibyo byarabaye i Gakurazo i Kabgayi, abantu bararimburwa i Kibeho, muri Kongo aho impunzi ziratikizwa, Kagame akaba akivuga ko ababajwe n’izashoboye kumucika atazimariyemo umujinya[2] ; byarabaye mu Buganda no muri Mozambique, byarabaye muri Afrika y’epfo, mu Bubiligi no mu Bwongereza. Abo mu Buholandi bakijijwe na Ambassaderi wanze kuroga abantu agahitamo guhunga nawe ubwe. Ntitwiriwe tuvuga ukwo inzara n’ubutindi byokamye abantu, aho gutabarwa bakilirwa barandulirwa imyaka yari kubaramira[3]. Ibi byose ni ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko u Rwanda rugeze aharindimuka.
Abanyapolitiki barafungwa umwisubizo bagacirwa imanza ariko ubutabera bwahe bwakajya ; Nguwo Ingabire Victoire[4] wacu, nguwo Ntaganda Bernard , Mushayidi Déogratias, Rwisereka we ntiyabonye ukwo arucika bamukase ijosi. Abasirikari bo mu nzego zo hejuru, ba ambassaderi barakomeza guhunga, abanyamakuru bo ntibagira ingano; utaborera mu munyururu akarusimbuka akizwa no kujya kure y’abahotozi ba Kagame.
Kagame n’inkuta z’amategeko yishyiriyeho kugira ngo zimurinde , zimurengere abone ukwo aramba ku butegetsi; akunda kurega abantu ko bashaka guhungabanya cyanga kuvanaho ubutegetsi bwishyiriweho na rubanda, kabone n’iyo byaba binyuze muri demokarasi. Ubundi birazwi ko kugira ngo ubutegetsi bube ari ubwa Rubanda, bwashyizweho na Rubanda kandi bukolera Rubanda, ni ubuha buri munyarwanda uburenganzira bwe busesuye, agatora abo ashaka, akabavanaho igihe batubahirije ibyo basezeranije, binyuze mu mategeko bumvikanyeho, batabihatiwe nk’ukwo byagenze ku Ngoma ya Kagame mu wa 2003.
Koko lero, uretse ubuzima , kuko ari bwo ubundi burenganzira bwose bushingiyeho (ukwambuye ubuzima aba akwambuye byose) ubundi burenganzira bukomeye ni ubwa politiki, butuma uvuga icyo utekereza, ukihitiramo abayobozi, ukagira uruhare mu gushyiraho amategeko yubahiliza ubundi burenganzira bwose. Ni byo koko, politiki ni yo ishyiraho ukwo ubuzima bwa buri munsi, ubuzima rusange bugenda. Ni yo yemeza ukwo imirimo n’ubuhinzi-bworozi bizagenda, ni yo yemeza ukwo umuntu azagira uruhare ku burezi n’amashuri, ku buzima no kwivuza, ku bucamanza n’ubutabera, inzego zibumbatira umutekano, n’isaranganwa ry’ubukire bw’igihugu (imishahara, gushora imari, ubucuruzi…). Uguheje muri politiki, iyo ugize Imana ntakwice, aba akwimye ijambo, aba aguheje mu mibereho myiza ufiteho uburenganzira, aba aguhatse kandi ntukopfore. Ni yo mpamvu ubutegetsi bubumbira abantu bose mu Bwato cyanga mu Muryango, ntibwemere ko hari abatavuga rumwe nabwo bakwishyiliraho amashyaka anenga ibitagenda, akavuga ukwo yabikosora agaze ku butegetsi, ubwo butegetsi butera imbyino abantu bose bagomba kwikiriza , bukagira igihugu nk’urugo rw’umutegetsi, ubwo butegetsi ntibugomba kwiyitilira abenegihugu, ngo bwashyizweho n’amategeko.
Amategeko Kagame yayashyizeho amaze gufata ubutegetsi akoresheje imbunda, amaze kwisasira imbaga y’abanyarwanda, ashyinyagulira abatutsi barokotse ngo basobanure ukwo barusimbutse, Kagame azabeshye abazungu[5] nk’ukwo yabyiyemeje, ariko ntazabeshya abanyarwanda ngo bamwemelere. Yigize kuba Semuhanuka, ariko azakubita umutwe kw’ijuru nagaruka hasi ahakubite umugongo, uriti rw’umugongo ntazabona ukwo aruramira. Ibinti byo gukomeza kuvuga ngo kabi kabi, uzashaka kumvanaho nzongera ngarike imbaga , ibyo ni ukwibeshya.
Uretse n’abanyarwanda hagati yabo, abanyarwanda babaye ruvumwa mu karere ko hagati ya Afurika. Kagame n’abambari be barica bagasahura muri Kongo bikitirirwa abanyarwanda; kubera ibikorwa by’iterabwoba batuma abaganda , abatanzaniya, abo muri Malawi, Mozambike na Afrika y’epfo bataryama ngo basinzire. Abanyarwanda babaye ba ruvumwa kubera ibinyoma byakwirakwije na Kagame kubera kuyobya uburari bw’ibyaha yakoze abyitilira abandi. Kugira ngo agire abanyarwanda boze ingwate, aranduranya ubutitsa n’abo duturanye bose, aragulira abacancuro b’abanyekongo ngo bamare bene wabo ; arasaba abanyarwanda bafungiwe akamama kwiyemeza ibyaha batigeze bakora kugira ngo abafungure ariko bajye guhamya inshuti n’abavandimwe ibyaha muri Gacaca kugira ngo yikize umuntu wese utamukomera amashyi. Aragulira abacancuro avanye mu mpuzi ngo baze bamufashe guhamya ikinyoma no kugambanira abanyarwanda ngo babime ubuhungiro, n’ababubonye babubambure maze barindagire, abamwegereye babamushorelere nk’inka zigiye mw’ibagiro baze abahumbahumbe. Aho kurengera abanyarwanda aho bari hose, ati n’iyo mwashira nkaguma ku butegetsi ntacyapfaga.
Ibi byose lero biragaragarao ko U Rwanda rugeze aharindimuka . Dukwiye kururinda indi ntambara yamena amaraso, ikongera gusenya ibikorwa bya kijyambere abanyarwanda bagezeho biyushye akuya. Abanyarwanda lero bakwiye kwicarana bakareba rwose ukwo iyi ngoma y’umwidishyi yatembagara. Abanyarwanda bakongera bakabona ituze kababana, bagasangira akabisi n’agahiye , inzigo igacika burundu.
3. Inama ngoboka Gihugu igamije iki ?
N’ubwo umwiryanye w’abanyarwanda ushingiye ku buryamirane buterwa n’inzego za politiki mbi, Inama Ngobokagihugu si iyo kugabana ubutegetsi. Inama Ngobokagihugu ni iyo kugira ngo abanyarwanda bumvikane mbere na mbere ku tegeko nshinga libanogeye , ari naryo likomokaho andi mategeko.
Ni iyo kugira ngo barebe imitelere y’ubutegetsi n’izindi nzego zibukomokaho, ku buryo buteza buri muturarwanda wese imbere, bukamurengera, bukamulinda icya muhungabanya cyose, bukabana neza n’ibindi bihugu duhana imbibi ndetse n’andi mahanga, bugahesha umunyarwanda ishema, kukarandura umwiryane burundu, bugaca ubuhunzi bw’abanyarwanda ku buryo budasubirwaho, bugaca intambara z’urudaca kugira ngo habeho amahoro arambye yatuma abanyarwanda ubwabo n’abaturanyi bagira agahenge n’ituze likenewe kugira ngo bitabire ibikorwa bya kijyambere, bikomeza kudindizwa no gusenywa n’izo ntambara z’urudaca. Umutungo wamalirwaga muri zo ntambara z’urudaca, ugakoreshwa mu guteza abanyarwanda imbere, mu by’ubukungu, uburezi, ubuvuzi, n’indi mibereho myiza.
Abanyarwanda bose, b’ingeri zose, b’amoko yose, bagahabwa uburenganzira busesuye, umuntu akabana cyanga akwumvikana n’uwo ashaka, abantu bagahuzwa n’ibitekerezo aho guhuzwa gusa n’akarere cyana ubwoko bakomokamo. Ntibibe icyaha cy’ikomoko kuba waravukiye aha n’aha cyanga warakomotse mu bwoko ubu n’ubu. Umuntu wese akagira amahirwe yo kwiteza imbere akurikije ubushobozi bwe, abanyantege nke cyanga abatishoboye, leta cyanga abaturanyi bakabagoboka, bakabaha umuganda ngo nabo babone ukwo bava mu bukene , batere imbere.
4. Ni bande bajya mu Nama Ngobokagihugu?
Tureke za nama z’imushyikirano ya Kagame atumiramo abaza kumukomera amashyi, abiharurutswe batabyemera, bajyayo bagafungwa cyanga, bakaba nka “Nyagasaza”, bakicwa.
Inama Ngobokagihugu, igomba kuzaba irimo abanyarwanda b’ingeri zose, abavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi n’abatavuga rumwe nabwo, abiyemeje kurwana n’abemeje kuyura mu nzira z’amahoro, abahagaraliye amadini n’indi miryango itabogamiye kuri leta. Turayibonamo abahagaraliye amashyaka arimo na FDLR, Turayibonamo FDU, RNC, RDI, PDP, PDR, n’andi mashyaka yavutse cyanga arimo avuka ; Turayibonamo abahoze muri FPR, MRND, CDR, MDR, PSD, PL.. turayibonamo abamo abaparmehutu, abaprosoma , aba Lunari, abashaka ingoma ya cyami n’abaharanira republika ; Turayibinamo abatwa , abatutsi n’abahutu. Turayibonamo interahamwe, Inkuba, abakombozi, abacitse kw’icumu n’abarokotse bo mu moko yose ; Ntawe ukwiye guhezwa ku mpamvu iyo ariyo yose kuko buri munyarwanda wese agomba guhagaralirwa n’uwo yibonamo kugira ngo agaragaze ibitekerezo bye.
Abantu bakazahabwa ijambo bakinigura, bakavuga akabari ku mu tima, bakavuga ukwo babona byagenda kugira ngo bahumulizwe, babane n’abandi mu bw’iyunge nyakuri no mu mahoro. Bashyireho inkingi z’umutekano no gusimburana muri politiki hatagombye kumeneka amaraso, ntawe ugendera ku bwoko cyanga akarere , bikurura inzangano no guheza cyanga guhezwa, bikabyara impunzi abantu bagahora muri gatebe gatoki.
Bizashoboka bite lero ?
Kagame we ntiyabishobora. Bimaze imyaka 19 byaramunaniye, Imana ni yo yonyine yahinduramo amabuye umutima wa muntu.
Ni yo mpamvu ari ibiba Kagame akiri ku butegetsi, byari bikwiye kubera hanze y’u Rwanda, aho abantu bashobora kuvuga batikandagira, ariko sinzi ko baba bagisubiye i Rwanda. Ukwo biri kwose haramutse habaye ibitangaza akemera inama Ngobokagihugu, binavuga ko yabanza agafungura infungwa za politiki zitavuga rumwe nawe, ubwo ntiyabera mu Rwanda, ubutegetsi bukiri ukwo buteye. Hari abatekereza Tanzaniya, ariko n’ahandi byahabera ariko akaba ari hafi ku buryo abantu bavuye mu Rwanda bayizamo ari benshi.
Bivuga lero ko inama Ngobokagihugu ishobora kubera mu Rwanda ari ukwo ubutegetsi bwa Kagame bwavuyeho, hakajyaho ubutegetsi bw’inzibacyuho bwumvikanweho n’ abahagaraliye amashyaka yose ari mu gihugu n’ari hanze, babifashijwemo na za Kiliziya n’imiryango itagira aho ibogamiye, n’abahuza b’ibihugu by’ inshuti n’ imiryango mpuzamahanga.
Abantu baravuga bati ariko ubu biragoye kuko hari abashyiraho amashyaka ngo babe ba prezida fondateri gusa bajye bagaragara mu bandi bitwa gutyo, hari abaheruka bashinga amashyaka wajya kureba icyo bakora ukibaza ugaheba, hari amashyaka agizwe n’umuntu n’abamukomokaho cyanga abo bafitanye isano gusa, ndetse hari n’abavuga bati ntaho turi ariko ntiryarema tutarimo !
Ni ikibazo gikomeye koko, ariko nta kibazo kitabonerwa umuti kereka iyo nta bushake. U Rwanda si rwo rwa mbere rugize amashyaka, kandi burya koko abanyarwanda baraziranye. Hagomba kuba inama itegura imbanziriza mushinga, itegura Inama Ngoboka gihugu, bakareba ukwo byagenze ahandi, bakarebe ingingo zifatizo kugira ngo bemeze ukw’abantu bahagaralirwa.
Hari abandi bibaza bati ese ubu FDU-inkingi n’abo bafatanije cyanga bateganya gufatanya nk’ukwo byemerejwe mu nama ya Johannesburg, muramutse muvanyeho Kagame , koko mwakoreshe inama Ngobokagihugu ?
Igisubizo ni yego, kuko abo tuganira bose, ubutegetsi bwa Kagame buramutse buvuyeho, ukwo bwavaho kwose, ababugiyeho bagomba byanze bikunze gukoresha inama Ngobokagihungu kuko ari nyirantarengwa, kugira ngo abanyarwanda bazashobore kugera ku bwiyunge nyabwo kandi bazashobore kubana mu mahoro. Naho ubundi kwaba ari uguhindura gusa uwicanye ku ntebe. Niba udakanze ikibyimba ngo kimeneke, uhere ibibazo mu ntango.
Ibi lero biragaragaza ko kugira ngo iyi nama izashoboke, abantu bakwicarana hamwe koko bakabisuzumana umurava bagafata ingamba zidakuka. Icyakora ntabwo ari ibintu byavumbukiyeho, kuko hari inama zakomeje kujya ziba kuva muri 2004. Abantu babanje kubiganiraho ku giti cyabo, bigeze aho bijya mu rwego rw’abahagaraliye abandi bakomoka mu miryango yigenga (ONG-Asbl) n’abahagaraliye amashyaka[6]. Ubu impaka ziracyakomeza ku buryo bishobotse, mbere y’ukwo uyu mwaka urangira, hari inama yazahuza abanyamashyaka n’imiryango itagira aho ibogamiye, bakaganira indi ntambwe ikwiye guterwa.
FDU iteganya ko habaho ubutegetsi (guverinema) bw’Inzibacyuho yamara imyaka ibiri, yo gukoresha inama Ngobokagihugu o gutegura amatora. Inama Ngobokagihugu yamara kwemeza Itegeko nshinga n’izego z’ubutegetsi abanyarwanda bumvikanyeho, ni ho amashyaka azahabwa urubuga rwo kugaragaliza abanyarwanda gahunda zabo, hanyuma habe amatora. Abazatsinda abatora bamenye ukwo bayobora abanyarwanda, mandat yabo nirangira ntibubahirize ibyo babasezeranije , bazasezererwe batore abandi.
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5. Ingingo z’imena zakwigirw muri iyi nama ziteye zite ?
5.1. Kwemeza Igihugu kigendera ku mategeko.
Amasezerano ya Arusha muri Tanzaniya yasinywe kuri 18/8/1992, hagati ya FPR na Leta y’ u Rwanda yayoboraga Republika ya Kabiri, yerekanaga ku buryo butaziguye imitelere ya Leta igendera ku mategeko. Yemeza ko Igihugu kigendera kuri démokarasi kigomba kwemera amashyaka menshi . Amashyaka menshi akaba ari igipimo kigaragaza ubwisanzure bw’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu mu kuvuga icyo atekereza. Ayo masezerano yahamije ko ibyo bidashoboka amategeko atemeye ko n’abatavuga rumwe n’ abari ku butegetsi bahabwa urubuga. Yemezaga ko ari uburenganzira kamere bwa buri muntu bwo gushaka kugira uruhare ku butegetsi no kuyobora igihugu.
FDU-Inkingi yemera ko amasezerano ya Arusha, yatwaye ingufu n’umutungo mwinshi w’abanyarwanda , kandi akaba yari ashyigikiwe n’ibihugu n’imiryango mpuzamahanga, ayo masezerano akwiye kuba ifatizo y’ ibyagibwaho impaka byose mu rwego rwo gutuma u Rwanda ruba igihugu kigendera ku mategeko.
5.2. Itegeko shingiro n’ inzego z’ ubutegetsi zirikomokaho, zihumuriza kandi zikarengera buri muturarwanda .
Amahame-remezo z’igihugu kigendera ku mategeko ni yo Nkingi z’uburenganzira bwa muntu butavogerwa. Duhereye ku burenganzira bwo kudahungabanilizwa ubuzima n’ ubundi burenganzira bubukomokaho , ikindi gikomeye cyane ni uburenganzira bwa politiki. Nk’ ukwo twigeze kubivuga, uburenganzira bwa politiki ni bwo bugena imigendekere y’ ibikorwa mu gihugu; politiki ni yo igena imibereho ya buri muntu mu rwego rwo kwishyira ukizana, kudahohoterwa, kurengerwa n’amategeko, kuvuga icyo utekereza, kugira uburenganzira ku uburezi, ubukungu n’ isaranganwa bukungu, n’ibindi n’ ibindi . Ni ukuvuga lero ko ukubujije kugira uruhare mu gukora politiki aba aguheje mu buyobozi bw’igihugu n’ ubundi burenganzira bubikomokaho.
Kwandikwa gusa ariko ntibishyirwe mu bikorwa, cyanga itegeko Nshinga ryamara kwemezwa ligahindurwa n’ubutegetsi ukwo bwishakiye, nk’ukwo Kagame yahindaguye inshuro zirenze 4 itegeko yari yanyujije mu matora ya nyirarureshwa[7].
Hagomba kubaho inzego zigenga zikurikirana ukwo itegekoshingiro ryubahilizwa. Kuri ubu, izo nazo zigengwa n’Inteko nyubahiliza mategeko iyoborwa na Kagame , yazishyizemo abantu be, bemeza gusa ibyo yishakiye, bakwanga akabirukana. Twavuga nk’Inteko nshingamategeko, Ubutabera n’ubucamanza, Cour constitutionnelle na Commission y’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu.
Ni yo mpamvu ari ngombwa kuzaganira ku buryo burambuye ku burenganzira bwa politiki, ukuntu cyane cyane Inteko Nshingamategeko, n’urwego rw’ubutabera zitakolera mu kwaha k’urwego Nyubahiliza mategeko.
Ikindi kigomba kwitabwaho ni ukuntu ingabo, polisi n’ izindi nzego z’umutekano nk’iz’ iperereza , zitaba iz’umuntu, iz’ubwoko cyanga iz’akarere. Hagomba gushakishwa ukuntu zaba inzego z’igihugu zirengera igihugu n’abenegihugu, aho kuzibashumuliza ngo zibarimbure cyanga zishorwe mu bujura n’ubusahuzi nk’ibikolerwa muri Kongo . Ikindi kijyanye nabyoo ni ukwo inzego zindi nk’aba “Local defense” n’ Intore zihohotera abaturage zibabuza amahwemo, zigomba kuvaho burundu.
FDU-Inkingi yemera ko guha umwanya amashyaka atavuga rumwe nári ku butegetsi, no guha itangazamakuru uburenganzira busesuye, ari bimwe mu byatuma abari ku butegetsi batirara.
5.3. Komisiyo y’ Ukuri, ubutabera, ubwiyunge no guca umuco wo kudahana.
Ubwiyunge bw’abanyarwanda ntibushoboka niba badashoboye kubwizanya ukuri. Biteye isoni n’ agahinda ko ugiye ku butegetsi yandika amateka ukwo abyiyumvira. Ni akumiro ukuntu umuyobozi ashyirishaho amategeko yimika intakoreka n’umuco wo kudahana, igihugu kikarangwa n’ ubucamanza ariko nta butabera.
Inama Ngobokagihugu iziga ukuntu hashyirwaho «Komisiyo y’Ukuri, ubutabera n’ubwiyunge » (Commission Vérité, Justice et Réconciliation) izafasha abanyarwanda kugana ku bwiyunge nyabwo. Iyo Komisiyo izaba ishinzwe:
- Kwiga ukwo umuco wo kudahana wacika burundu, abantu bakangana imbere y’ amategeko ;
- Gushyiraho Komisiyo yiga imvo n’ imvano y’amarorerwa n’amahano yagwiriye u Rwanda;
- Gukora nketi ku byaha byibasiye inyoko-muntu mu Rwanda no mu bihugu duhana imbibi mbere ya 1994, muri 1994 na nyuma y’aho ;
- Kwemeza ukwo habaho ubutabera butabogamye, bureba ibyaha byose byibasiye inyoko-muntu yaba umuhutu, umututsi cyanga umutwa, butiyibagije ibyaha by’ intambara;
- Gushakisha uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose batuma haba ubwiyunge nyabwo, abahanwa bagahanwa, abababalirwa bakababalirwa , kugira ngo inzigo icike mu bana b’u Rwanda;
- Gushyiraho Komisiyo yigenya y’intiti zizandika amateka y’u Rwanda bitari amateka y’ubutegetsi ubu n’ubu.
5.4. Ishyirwa mu bikorwa
Icyatumye Amasezerano ya Arusha adashyirwa mu bikorwa ni ukubera ko habuze koko abayahagarikira ngo bikorwe. Amahanga yatereranye abanyarwanda kubera inyungu zo gusahura Kongo, abanyarwanda baramarana bitewe ahanini no kurwanira ubutegetsi butagira uwo babusarangana. Abaturage batagira icyo bapfa baramarana, abafite ingufu ntibarengera abatazifite, Kagame ati reka abatutsi basigaye mu Rwanda barimbuke n’ubundi bari baragambanye bemera kuguma mu ngoma iyoborwa n’abahutu. Ahanura indege ya Habyarimana aramuhitana kandi yari aziko neza ko ariwe koko wari usigaye ari ingabo ku mahano yahemberwaga ndetse na FPR irimo, kugira ngo izabone ukwo acuruza « genocide » maze ishimangire ubutegetsi bwayo.
Ni yo mpamvu hagomba kuboneka ingabo zitagira aho zitabogamiye, zigashingwa umutekano mu nzibacyuho, zigafasha abanyarwanda kuvugurura inzego z’umutekano, nk’ukwo ingabo za Afrika y’epfo zafashije u Burundi. Izo ngabo mpuzamahanga zitari indorerezi gusa, zafasha abanyarwanda gushyiraho inzego zituma zerekeza kuri demokarasi nyayo, zikarangiza umurimo wazo hamaze kujyaho ubutegetsi buvuye mu matora asanzuye.
5. Inzozi nziza
Numva mfite inzozi, aho nzaba ndi hose nkazabona abana n’abuzukuru ba Kayumba na Kagame babana n’abanjye nta kwishishanya ; Abana n’abuzukuru ba Ngoga bakabana mu Rwanda n’aba Bagosora¸bagataramana mu byishimo bya kivandimwe nta kurebana ay’ingwe; Abana n’abuzukuru ba Ingabire babana n’abakomoka ku bamuciriye urubanza rw’amahugu .
Ndarota Ingabo zirimo abahutu n’abatutsi, abakiga n’abanyenduga, abaganza, abafundu, abaliza…n’ abandi bakomoka mu turere twose tw’u Rwanda, zirengera abanyarwanda baturuka mu moko yose n’uturere twose ; abacamamnza bagaca imanza atari ba gatumwa ba mumfungire, bashingiye ku butabera gusa, ntawe barenganya.
Ngiyo “vision” ya FDU-Inkingi.
Nifulije buri munyarwanda wese kuzakabya inzozi, akajya ava mu Rwanda aho ashakiye, akagaruka atikandagira. Twese tukazatunga tugatunganirwa.
21/05/2013
[1] http://www.hrw.org/world-report-2012/world-report-2012-rwanda
http://www.amnesty.org/en/region/rwanda/report-2012
http://www.amnesty.org/en/region/rwanda
http://www.ohchr.org/en/countries/africaregion/pages/rwindex.aspx
http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2011/af/186231.htm
[3] https://fdu-rwanda.com/RW/kinyarwanda-fdu-inkingi-irateganya-iki-cyasimbura-politiki-y-ubuhinzi-ya-fpr-yicisha-abaturage-inzara/
[6] http://www.veritasrwandaforum.org/dialogo.htm
http://www.veritasrwandaforum.org/dialeg/DIR06_fr.pdf
http://rwandarwiza.unblog.fr/files/2012/06/DIRHI.lobbing-EN-2012.pdf
[7] http://www.radiyoyacuvoa.com/content/a-18-2010-02-09-voa1-93024519/1265406.html
INAMA NGOBOKA-GIHUGU
DIALOGUE INTER – RWANDAIS HAUTEMENT INCLUSIF (DIRHI)
HIGHLY INCLUSIVE INTER-RWANDAN DIALOGUE (HIIRD)
Ndereyehe Karoli ni umujyanama ushinzwe igenamigambi ya FDU-Inkingi
1. Ilibuliro
Iyo uri inararibonye, ukitegereza ukwo ibintu byifashe mu Rwanda usanga ibicu bibungabunga bisa nk’ibirimo imirabo n’inkuba zakubise amahano akagwira u Rwanda kuva muri 1990 akarinda kuduhekura, itsembatsemba n’itsemba bwoko likibasira abana b’u Rwanda likabarimbura. Kagame aracyashora abana b’u Rwanda kwica abantu, mu Rwanda rwa gati, ngaho muri Kongo, mu Buganda, muri Afrika y’epfo, muri Mozambike, ngo abone abo afataho ingwate ababwira ati “ejo nimpfa namwe muzagorwa kuko dufatanije icyaha”.
Urwango ruranga rugahemberwa n’ingoma ya FPR iri ku butegetsi. Ntawucyizera umuvandimwe, umwana ntashira nyina amakenga. Umuntu yataka ati mwaratumaze, undi ati wowe se washibutse ku giti! Umuntu yavuga ati reka nanjye mpambe abanjye mu cyubahiro, ngo nawe se warapfushije, ibisimba bigira umutima? Uvuze ati ko mwica amategeko mwishyiliyeho? Bati “vuga uvuye aho ni twe tuzi icyo twayashyiliyeho, maze nukomeza bagufate bagufunge”. Murumva ko ari ibyo gufatishwa amaboko yombi bikagarulirwa hafi.
Abanyarwanda bakwiye kwicarana bakaganira , bakareba ukwo bavanaho ubutegetsi bubakandamiza, bagashyiraho ubutegetsi bubabereye, bushingiye ku tegeko Nshiga bumvikanyeho, bukabahumuliza, bubarengera, bukavuza ingoma ya ruca abagome, bugaca inzigo; Ubutegetsi budahoza igihugu mu ntambara zisenya ubukungu buba bugezweho. Iryo tegeko nshingiro si iry’intore, si iry’abari ku butegetsi, ni iry’ abanyarwanda b’ingeri zose ntawe uhejwe. Ibyo biganiro FDU-inkingi ni byo yita Inama-Ngoboka gihugu.
Yashoboka ite, iziga iki, ni inde wayizamo, izaba giheki? Ibyo ni byo tugiye kuganiraho.
2. Ni iki kigaragaza ko Inama Ngoboka-Gihugu ari ngombwa?
Umuntu wese ufite umutima wa kimuntu, yagombaga kuvuga ati ryarabaye nti rikabe. Koko amahano yagwiriye u Rwanda, cyane cyane kuva muri 1990 kugeza magingo aya, yarakwiye kuba inzozi mbi, abanyarwanda bagakanguka bagasubira i buntu.
Hashize imya cumi n’icyena (19) ishyano ligwiriye inzirakarenga zitagira ukwo zingana. Kugeza na n’ubu abanyarwanda baracyakurikiranwa n’ingaruka y’ayo marorerwa yakuruwe n’intambara yashojwe na FPR kuva kw’itariki ya mbere mu kwakira mu mwaka w’igihumbi magana cyenda na mirongo icyenda (1/10/1990). Aho abanyarwanda basubiranyemo bakikora mu nda, bakamarana, kandi bari basanzwe babana , basangira , basabirana. Ibikorwa bya kijyambere birasenyuka karahava. Ni yo mpamvu bari bakwiye guterwa urwanga n’isubyo bagaturera, bakongera bakabana batishishanya.
Kuva FPR yafata ubutegetsi muri 1994, abantu bakomenje guhohoterwa, birukanwa ku kazi ngo haboneke imyanya yo gushyiramo inkomamashyi za FPR, abandi baranyerezwa, cyanga barafungwa bazira kwanga kujya mu cyama, cyanga kutavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, ndetse bamwe baricwa, hakoreshejwe ubuhotozi b’amako yose[1]. Abarucitse bakijijwe no gutorongera barahunga, hari n’abo FPR isanga aho bahungiye ikababuza uburyo, yabishobora ikabica. Ibyo byarabaye i Gakurazo i Kabgayi, abantu bararimburwa i Kibeho, muri Kongo aho impunzi ziratikizwa, Kagame akaba akivuga ko ababajwe n’izashoboye kumucika atazimariyemo umujinya[2] ; byarabaye mu Buganda no muri Mozambique, byarabaye muri Afrika y’epfo, mu Bubiligi no mu Bwongereza. Abo mu Buholandi bakijijwe na Ambassaderi wanze kuroga abantu agahitamo guhunga nawe ubwe. Ntitwiriwe tuvuga ukwo inzara n’ubutindi byokamye abantu, aho gutabarwa bakilirwa barandulirwa imyaka yari kubaramira[3]. Ibi byose ni ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko u Rwanda rugeze aharindimuka.
Abanyapolitiki barafungwa umwisubizo bagacirwa imanza ariko ubutabera bwahe bwakajya ; Nguwo Ingabire Victoire[4] wacu, nguwo Ntaganda Bernard , Mushayidi Déogratias, Rwisereka we ntiyabonye ukwo arucika bamukase ijosi. Abasirikari bo mu nzego zo hejuru, ba ambassaderi barakomeza guhunga, abanyamakuru bo ntibagira ingano; utaborera mu munyururu akarusimbuka akizwa no kujya kure y’abahotozi ba Kagame.
Kagame n’inkuta z’amategeko yishyiriyeho kugira ngo zimurinde , zimurengere abone ukwo aramba ku butegetsi; akunda kurega abantu ko bashaka guhungabanya cyanga kuvanaho ubutegetsi bwishyiriweho na rubanda, kabone n’iyo byaba binyuze muri demokarasi. Ubundi birazwi ko kugira ngo ubutegetsi bube ari ubwa Rubanda, bwashyizweho na Rubanda kandi bukolera Rubanda, ni ubuha buri munyarwanda uburenganzira bwe busesuye, agatora abo ashaka, akabavanaho igihe batubahirije ibyo basezeranije, binyuze mu mategeko bumvikanyeho, batabihatiwe nk’ukwo byagenze ku Ngoma ya Kagame mu wa 2003.
Koko lero, uretse ubuzima , kuko ari bwo ubundi burenganzira bwose bushingiyeho (ukwambuye ubuzima aba akwambuye byose) ubundi burenganzira bukomeye ni ubwa politiki, butuma uvuga icyo utekereza, ukihitiramo abayobozi, ukagira uruhare mu gushyiraho amategeko yubahiliza ubundi burenganzira bwose. Ni byo koko, politiki ni yo ishyiraho ukwo ubuzima bwa buri munsi, ubuzima rusange bugenda. Ni yo yemeza ukwo imirimo n’ubuhinzi-bworozi bizagenda, ni yo yemeza ukwo umuntu azagira uruhare ku burezi n’amashuri, ku buzima no kwivuza, ku bucamanza n’ubutabera, inzego zibumbatira umutekano, n’isaranganwa ry’ubukire bw’igihugu (imishahara, gushora imari, ubucuruzi…). Uguheje muri politiki, iyo ugize Imana ntakwice, aba akwimye ijambo, aba aguheje mu mibereho myiza ufiteho uburenganzira, aba aguhatse kandi ntukopfore. Ni yo mpamvu ubutegetsi bubumbira abantu bose mu Bwato cyanga mu Muryango, ntibwemere ko hari abatavuga rumwe nabwo bakwishyiliraho amashyaka anenga ibitagenda, akavuga ukwo yabikosora agaze ku butegetsi, ubwo butegetsi butera imbyino abantu bose bagomba kwikiriza , bukagira igihugu nk’urugo rw’umutegetsi, ubwo butegetsi ntibugomba kwiyitilira abenegihugu, ngo bwashyizweho n’amategeko.
Amategeko Kagame yayashyizeho amaze gufata ubutegetsi akoresheje imbunda, amaze kwisasira imbaga y’abanyarwanda, ashyinyagulira abatutsi barokotse ngo basobanure ukwo barusimbutse, Kagame azabeshye abazungu[5] nk’ukwo yabyiyemeje, ariko ntazabeshya abanyarwanda ngo bamwemelere. Yigize kuba Semuhanuka, ariko azakubita umutwe kw’ijuru nagaruka hasi ahakubite umugongo, uriti rw’umugongo ntazabona ukwo aruramira. Ibinti byo gukomeza kuvuga ngo kabi kabi, uzashaka kumvanaho nzongera ngarike imbaga , ibyo ni ukwibeshya.
Uretse n’abanyarwanda hagati yabo, abanyarwanda babaye ruvumwa mu karere ko hagati ya Afurika. Kagame n’abambari be barica bagasahura muri Kongo bikitirirwa abanyarwanda; kubera ibikorwa by’iterabwoba batuma abaganda , abatanzaniya, abo muri Malawi, Mozambike na Afrika y’epfo bataryama ngo basinzire. Abanyarwanda babaye ba ruvumwa kubera ibinyoma byakwirakwije na Kagame kubera kuyobya uburari bw’ibyaha yakoze abyitilira abandi. Kugira ngo agire abanyarwanda boze ingwate, aranduranya ubutitsa n’abo duturanye bose, aragulira abacancuro b’abanyekongo ngo bamare bene wabo ; arasaba abanyarwanda bafungiwe akamama kwiyemeza ibyaha batigeze bakora kugira ngo abafungure ariko bajye guhamya inshuti n’abavandimwe ibyaha muri Gacaca kugira ngo yikize umuntu wese utamukomera amashyi. Aragulira abacancuro avanye mu mpuzi ngo baze bamufashe guhamya ikinyoma no kugambanira abanyarwanda ngo babime ubuhungiro, n’ababubonye babubambure maze barindagire, abamwegereye babamushorelere nk’inka zigiye mw’ibagiro baze abahumbahumbe. Aho kurengera abanyarwanda aho bari hose, ati n’iyo mwashira nkaguma ku butegetsi ntacyapfaga.
Ibi byose lero biragaragarao ko U Rwanda rugeze aharindimuka . Dukwiye kururinda indi ntambara yamena amaraso, ikongera gusenya ibikorwa bya kijyambere abanyarwanda bagezeho biyushye akuya. Abanyarwanda lero bakwiye kwicarana bakareba rwose ukwo iyi ngoma y’umwidishyi yatembagara. Abanyarwanda bakongera bakabona ituze kababana, bagasangira akabisi n’agahiye , inzigo igacika burundu.
3. Inama ngoboka Gihugu igamije iki ?
N’ubwo umwiryanye w’abanyarwanda ushingiye ku buryamirane buterwa n’inzego za politiki mbi, Inama Ngobokagihugu si iyo kugabana ubutegetsi. Inama Ngobokagihugu ni iyo kugira ngo abanyarwanda bumvikane mbere na mbere ku tegeko nshinga libanogeye , ari naryo likomokaho andi mategeko.
Ni iyo kugira ngo barebe imitelere y’ubutegetsi n’izindi nzego zibukomokaho, ku buryo buteza buri muturarwanda wese imbere, bukamurengera, bukamulinda icya muhungabanya cyose, bukabana neza n’ibindi bihugu duhana imbibi ndetse n’andi mahanga, bugahesha umunyarwanda ishema, kukarandura umwiryane burundu, bugaca ubuhunzi bw’abanyarwanda ku buryo budasubirwaho, bugaca intambara z’urudaca kugira ngo habeho amahoro arambye yatuma abanyarwanda ubwabo n’abaturanyi bagira agahenge n’ituze likenewe kugira ngo bitabire ibikorwa bya kijyambere, bikomeza kudindizwa no gusenywa n’izo ntambara z’urudaca. Umutungo wamalirwaga muri zo ntambara z’urudaca, ugakoreshwa mu guteza abanyarwanda imbere, mu by’ubukungu, uburezi, ubuvuzi, n’indi mibereho myiza.
Abanyarwanda bose, b’ingeri zose, b’amoko yose, bagahabwa uburenganzira busesuye, umuntu akabana cyanga akwumvikana n’uwo ashaka, abantu bagahuzwa n’ibitekerezo aho guhuzwa gusa n’akarere cyana ubwoko bakomokamo. Ntibibe icyaha cy’ikomoko kuba waravukiye aha n’aha cyanga warakomotse mu bwoko ubu n’ubu. Umuntu wese akagira amahirwe yo kwiteza imbere akurikije ubushobozi bwe, abanyantege nke cyanga abatishoboye, leta cyanga abaturanyi bakabagoboka, bakabaha umuganda ngo nabo babone ukwo bava mu bukene , batere imbere.
4. Ni bande bajya mu Nama Ngobokagihugu?
Tureke za nama z’imushyikirano ya Kagame atumiramo abaza kumukomera amashyi, abiharurutswe batabyemera, bajyayo bagafungwa cyanga, bakaba nka “Nyagasaza”, bakicwa.
Inama Ngobokagihugu, igomba kuzaba irimo abanyarwanda b’ingeri zose, abavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi n’abatavuga rumwe nabwo, abiyemeje kurwana n’abemeje kuyura mu nzira z’amahoro, abahagaraliye amadini n’indi miryango itabogamiye kuri leta. Turayibonamo abahagaraliye amashyaka arimo na FDLR, Turayibonamo FDU, RNC, RDI, PDP, PDR, n’andi mashyaka yavutse cyanga arimo avuka ; Turayibonamo abahoze muri FPR, MRND, CDR, MDR, PSD, PL.. turayibonamo abamo abaparmehutu, abaprosoma , aba Lunari, abashaka ingoma ya cyami n’abaharanira republika ; Turayibinamo abatwa , abatutsi n’abahutu. Turayibonamo interahamwe, Inkuba, abakombozi, abacitse kw’icumu n’abarokotse bo mu moko yose ; Ntawe ukwiye guhezwa ku mpamvu iyo ariyo yose kuko buri munyarwanda wese agomba guhagaralirwa n’uwo yibonamo kugira ngo agaragaze ibitekerezo bye.
Abantu bakazahabwa ijambo bakinigura, bakavuga akabari ku mu tima, bakavuga ukwo babona byagenda kugira ngo bahumulizwe, babane n’abandi mu bw’iyunge nyakuri no mu mahoro. Bashyireho inkingi z’umutekano no gusimburana muri politiki hatagombye kumeneka amaraso, ntawe ugendera ku bwoko cyanga akarere , bikurura inzangano no guheza cyanga guhezwa, bikabyara impunzi abantu bagahora muri gatebe gatoki.
Bizashoboka bite lero ?
Kagame we ntiyabishobora. Bimaze imyaka 19 byaramunaniye, Imana ni yo yonyine yahinduramo amabuye umutima wa muntu.
Ni yo mpamvu ari ibiba Kagame akiri ku butegetsi, byari bikwiye kubera hanze y’u Rwanda, aho abantu bashobora kuvuga batikandagira, ariko sinzi ko baba bagisubiye i Rwanda. Ukwo biri kwose haramutse habaye ibitangaza akemera inama Ngobokagihugu, binavuga ko yabanza agafungura infungwa za politiki zitavuga rumwe nawe, ubwo ntiyabera mu Rwanda, ubutegetsi bukiri ukwo buteye. Hari abatekereza Tanzaniya, ariko n’ahandi byahabera ariko akaba ari hafi ku buryo abantu bavuye mu Rwanda bayizamo ari benshi.
Bivuga lero ko inama Ngobokagihugu ishobora kubera mu Rwanda ari ukwo ubutegetsi bwa Kagame bwavuyeho, hakajyaho ubutegetsi bw’inzibacyuho bwumvikanweho n’ abahagaraliye amashyaka yose ari mu gihugu n’ari hanze, babifashijwemo na za Kiliziya n’imiryango itagira aho ibogamiye, n’abahuza b’ibihugu by’ inshuti n’ imiryango mpuzamahanga.
Abantu baravuga bati ariko ubu biragoye kuko hari abashyiraho amashyaka ngo babe ba prezida fondateri gusa bajye bagaragara mu bandi bitwa gutyo, hari abaheruka bashinga amashyaka wajya kureba icyo bakora ukibaza ugaheba, hari amashyaka agizwe n’umuntu n’abamukomokaho cyanga abo bafitanye isano gusa, ndetse hari n’abavuga bati ntaho turi ariko ntiryarema tutarimo !
Ni ikibazo gikomeye koko, ariko nta kibazo kitabonerwa umuti kereka iyo nta bushake. U Rwanda si rwo rwa mbere rugize amashyaka, kandi burya koko abanyarwanda baraziranye. Hagomba kuba inama itegura imbanziriza mushinga, itegura Inama Ngoboka gihugu, bakareba ukwo byagenze ahandi, bakarebe ingingo zifatizo kugira ngo bemeze ukw’abantu bahagaralirwa.
Hari abandi bibaza bati ese ubu FDU-inkingi n’abo bafatanije cyanga bateganya gufatanya nk’ukwo byemerejwe mu nama ya Johannesburg, muramutse muvanyeho Kagame , koko mwakoreshe inama Ngobokagihugu ?
Igisubizo ni yego, kuko abo tuganira bose, ubutegetsi bwa Kagame buramutse buvuyeho, ukwo bwavaho kwose, ababugiyeho bagomba byanze bikunze gukoresha inama Ngobokagihungu kuko ari nyirantarengwa, kugira ngo abanyarwanda bazashobore kugera ku bwiyunge nyabwo kandi bazashobore kubana mu mahoro. Naho ubundi kwaba ari uguhindura gusa uwicanye ku ntebe. Niba udakanze ikibyimba ngo kimeneke, uhere ibibazo mu ntango.
Ibi lero biragaragaza ko kugira ngo iyi nama izashoboke, abantu bakwicarana hamwe koko bakabisuzumana umurava bagafata ingamba zidakuka. Icyakora ntabwo ari ibintu byavumbukiyeho, kuko hari inama zakomeje kujya ziba kuva muri 2004. Abantu babanje kubiganiraho ku giti cyabo, bigeze aho bijya mu rwego rw’abahagaraliye abandi bakomoka mu miryango yigenga (ONG-Asbl) n’abahagaraliye amashyaka[6]. Ubu impaka ziracyakomeza ku buryo bishobotse, mbere y’ukwo uyu mwaka urangira, hari inama yazahuza abanyamashyaka n’imiryango itagira aho ibogamiye, bakaganira indi ntambwe ikwiye guterwa.
FDU iteganya ko habaho ubutegetsi (guverinema) bw’Inzibacyuho yamara imyaka ibiri, yo gukoresha inama Ngobokagihugu o gutegura amatora. Inama Ngobokagihugu yamara kwemeza Itegeko nshinga n’izego z’ubutegetsi abanyarwanda bumvikanyeho, ni ho amashyaka azahabwa urubuga rwo kugaragaliza abanyarwanda gahunda zabo, hanyuma habe amatora. Abazatsinda abatora bamenye ukwo bayobora abanyarwanda, mandat yabo nirangira ntibubahirize ibyo babasezeranije , bazasezererwe batore abandi.
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5. Ingingo z’imena zakwigirw muri iyi nama ziteye zite ?
5.1. Kwemeza Igihugu kigendera ku mategeko.
Amasezerano ya Arusha muri Tanzaniya yasinywe kuri 18/8/1992, hagati ya FPR na Leta y’ u Rwanda yayoboraga Republika ya Kabiri, yerekanaga ku buryo butaziguye imitelere ya Leta igendera ku mategeko. Yemeza ko Igihugu kigendera kuri démokarasi kigomba kwemera amashyaka menshi . Amashyaka menshi akaba ari igipimo kigaragaza ubwisanzure bw’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu mu kuvuga icyo atekereza. Ayo masezerano yahamije ko ibyo bidashoboka amategeko atemeye ko n’abatavuga rumwe n’ abari ku butegetsi bahabwa urubuga. Yemezaga ko ari uburenganzira kamere bwa buri muntu bwo gushaka kugira uruhare ku butegetsi no kuyobora igihugu.
FDU-Inkingi yemera ko amasezerano ya Arusha, yatwaye ingufu n’umutungo mwinshi w’abanyarwanda , kandi akaba yari ashyigikiwe n’ibihugu n’imiryango mpuzamahanga, ayo masezerano akwiye kuba ifatizo y’ ibyagibwaho impaka byose mu rwego rwo gutuma u Rwanda ruba igihugu kigendera ku mategeko.
5.2. Itegeko shingiro n’ inzego z’ ubutegetsi zirikomokaho, zihumuriza kandi zikarengera buri muturarwanda .
Amahame-remezo z’igihugu kigendera ku mategeko ni yo Nkingi z’uburenganzira bwa muntu butavogerwa. Duhereye ku burenganzira bwo kudahungabanilizwa ubuzima n’ ubundi burenganzira bubukomokaho , ikindi gikomeye cyane ni uburenganzira bwa politiki. Nk’ ukwo twigeze kubivuga, uburenganzira bwa politiki ni bwo bugena imigendekere y’ ibikorwa mu gihugu; politiki ni yo igena imibereho ya buri muntu mu rwego rwo kwishyira ukizana, kudahohoterwa, kurengerwa n’amategeko, kuvuga icyo utekereza, kugira uburenganzira ku uburezi, ubukungu n’ isaranganwa bukungu, n’ibindi n’ ibindi . Ni ukuvuga lero ko ukubujije kugira uruhare mu gukora politiki aba aguheje mu buyobozi bw’igihugu n’ ubundi burenganzira bubikomokaho.
Kwandikwa gusa ariko ntibishyirwe mu bikorwa, cyanga itegeko Nshinga ryamara kwemezwa ligahindurwa n’ubutegetsi ukwo bwishakiye, nk’ukwo Kagame yahindaguye inshuro zirenze 4 itegeko yari yanyujije mu matora ya nyirarureshwa[7].
Hagomba kubaho inzego zigenga zikurikirana ukwo itegekoshingiro ryubahilizwa. Kuri ubu, izo nazo zigengwa n’Inteko nyubahiliza mategeko iyoborwa na Kagame , yazishyizemo abantu be, bemeza gusa ibyo yishakiye, bakwanga akabirukana. Twavuga nk’Inteko nshingamategeko, Ubutabera n’ubucamanza, Cour constitutionnelle na Commission y’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu.
Ni yo mpamvu ari ngombwa kuzaganira ku buryo burambuye ku burenganzira bwa politiki, ukuntu cyane cyane Inteko Nshingamategeko, n’urwego rw’ubutabera zitakolera mu kwaha k’urwego Nyubahiliza mategeko.
Ikindi kigomba kwitabwaho ni ukuntu ingabo, polisi n’ izindi nzego z’umutekano nk’iz’ iperereza , zitaba iz’umuntu, iz’ubwoko cyanga iz’akarere. Hagomba gushakishwa ukuntu zaba inzego z’igihugu zirengera igihugu n’abenegihugu, aho kuzibashumuliza ngo zibarimbure cyanga zishorwe mu bujura n’ubusahuzi nk’ibikolerwa muri Kongo . Ikindi kijyanye nabyoo ni ukwo inzego zindi nk’aba “Local defense” n’ Intore zihohotera abaturage zibabuza amahwemo, zigomba kuvaho burundu.
FDU-Inkingi yemera ko guha umwanya amashyaka atavuga rumwe nári ku butegetsi, no guha itangazamakuru uburenganzira busesuye, ari bimwe mu byatuma abari ku butegetsi batirara.
5.3. Komisiyo y’ Ukuri, ubutabera, ubwiyunge no guca umuco wo kudahana.
Ubwiyunge bw’abanyarwanda ntibushoboka niba badashoboye kubwizanya ukuri. Biteye isoni n’ agahinda ko ugiye ku butegetsi yandika amateka ukwo abyiyumvira. Ni akumiro ukuntu umuyobozi ashyirishaho amategeko yimika intakoreka n’umuco wo kudahana, igihugu kikarangwa n’ ubucamanza ariko nta butabera.
Inama Ngobokagihugu iziga ukuntu hashyirwaho «Komisiyo y’Ukuri, ubutabera n’ubwiyunge » (Commission Vérité, Justice et Réconciliation) izafasha abanyarwanda kugana ku bwiyunge nyabwo. Iyo Komisiyo izaba ishinzwe:
- Kwiga ukwo umuco wo kudahana wacika burundu, abantu bakangana imbere y’ amategeko ;
- Gushyiraho Komisiyo yiga imvo n’ imvano y’amarorerwa n’amahano yagwiriye u Rwanda;
- Gukora nketi ku byaha byibasiye inyoko-muntu mu Rwanda no mu bihugu duhana imbibi mbere ya 1994, muri 1994 na nyuma y’aho ;
- Kwemeza ukwo habaho ubutabera butabogamye, bureba ibyaha byose byibasiye inyoko-muntu yaba umuhutu, umututsi cyanga umutwa, butiyibagije ibyaha by’ intambara;
- Gushakisha uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose batuma haba ubwiyunge nyabwo, abahanwa bagahanwa, abababalirwa bakababalirwa , kugira ngo inzigo icike mu bana b’u Rwanda;
- Gushyiraho Komisiyo yigenya y’intiti zizandika amateka y’u Rwanda bitari amateka y’ubutegetsi ubu n’ubu.
5.4. Ishyirwa mu bikorwa
Icyatumye Amasezerano ya Arusha adashyirwa mu bikorwa ni ukubera ko habuze koko abayahagarikira ngo bikorwe. Amahanga yatereranye abanyarwanda kubera inyungu zo gusahura Kongo, abanyarwanda baramarana bitewe ahanini no kurwanira ubutegetsi butagira uwo babusarangana. Abaturage batagira icyo bapfa baramarana, abafite ingufu ntibarengera abatazifite, Kagame ati reka abatutsi basigaye mu Rwanda barimbuke n’ubundi bari baragambanye bemera kuguma mu ngoma iyoborwa n’abahutu. Ahanura indege ya Habyarimana aramuhitana kandi yari aziko neza ko ariwe koko wari usigaye ari ingabo ku mahano yahemberwaga ndetse na FPR irimo, kugira ngo izabone ukwo acuruza « genocide » maze ishimangire ubutegetsi bwayo.
Ni yo mpamvu hagomba kuboneka ingabo zitagira aho zitabogamiye, zigashingwa umutekano mu nzibacyuho, zigafasha abanyarwanda kuvugurura inzego z’umutekano, nk’ukwo ingabo za Afrika y’epfo zafashije u Burundi. Izo ngabo mpuzamahanga zitari indorerezi gusa, zafasha abanyarwanda gushyiraho inzego zituma zerekeza kuri demokarasi nyayo, zikarangiza umurimo wazo hamaze kujyaho ubutegetsi buvuye mu matora asanzuye.
5. Inzozi nziza
Numva mfite inzozi, aho nzaba ndi hose nkazabona abana n’abuzukuru ba Kayumba na Kagame babana n’abanjye nta kwishishanya ; Abana n’abuzukuru ba Ngoga bakabana mu Rwanda n’aba Bagosora¸bagataramana mu byishimo bya kivandimwe nta kurebana ay’ingwe; Abana n’abuzukuru ba Ingabire babana n’abakomoka ku bamuciriye urubanza rw’amahugu .
Ndarota Ingabo zirimo abahutu n’abatutsi, abakiga n’abanyenduga, abaganza, abafundu, abaliza…n’ abandi bakomoka mu turere twose tw’u Rwanda, zirengera abanyarwanda baturuka mu moko yose n’uturere twose ; abacamamnza bagaca imanza atari ba gatumwa ba mumfungire, bashingiye ku butabera gusa, ntawe barenganya.
Ngiyo “vision” ya FDU-Inkingi.
Nifulije buri munyarwanda wese kuzakabya inzozi, akajya ava mu Rwanda aho ashakiye, akagaruka atikandagira. Twese tukazatunga tugatunganirwa.
21/05/2013
[1] http://www.hrw.org/world-report-2012/world-report-2012-rwanda
http://www.amnesty.org/en/region/rwanda/report-2012
http://www.amnesty.org/en/region/rwanda
http://www.ohchr.org/en/countries/africaregion/pages/rwindex.aspx
http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2011/af/186231.htm
[3] https://fdu-rwanda.com/RW/kinyarwanda-fdu-inkingi-irateganya-iki-cyasimbura-politiki-y-ubuhinzi-ya-fpr-yicisha-abaturage-inzara/